1919] FOODS — HUMAN NUTRITION. 661 



cc. of fresh juice was sufficient, while with the first a dose e(iuivalent to 6.25 cc. 

 of fresh juice was inadequate as a preventive of scurvy. When the dose was 

 doubled, however, the aniiuals were cured and protected against a recurrence 

 of the disease. Both products retained their antiscorbutic properties after three 

 months' storage. 



The conclusion is drawn tliat the most satisfactory process for drying orange 

 juice is one in which the temperature of drying is not unduly high and the dura- 

 tion of drying is very short. The possibility is suggested of using dried orange 

 juice as a convenient antiscorbutic for use in infant feeding, on polar expedi- 

 tions, in the Navy, and in the Army. 



The antiscorbutic properties of green malt, J. F. McClendon and W. C. C. 

 Cole (Amcr. Jour. Physiol., 40 {1919), No. 1, pp. 1^5, i//6).— The authors state 

 that by grinding green malt in a special mill, bringing tlie mash to 70° C. to 

 partially destroy the oxidases, and evaporating the wort in vacuo to a sirup, a 

 malt extract can be prepared which requires no sterilization or preservative and 

 which retains its antiscorbutic properties. It is suggested that the use of malt 

 extract prepared by this method might avoid tlie necessity of feeding orange 

 juice to infants when oranges are difficult to obtain. 



Studies of infant feeding'. — XI, High protein feeding v. high calcium, ab- 

 sorption as to the cause of the increase in body temperature of infants, A. W. 

 BoswoKTH and H. I. Bowditch {Amer. Jour. Diseases Children, 16 {1918), No. 

 5, pp. 219-292. fig. 1). — The results of feeding experiments on healthy infants 

 show, according to the data furnished by the authors, that the ingestion of 

 large amounts of calcium as organic salts, if not accompanied by the ingestion 

 of sufficient chlorin or phosphorus to permit the formation of soluble salts, will 

 result in an accumulation of calcium in the tissues which is followed by a toxic 

 condition and the elimination of calcium lactate in the urine. They believe that 

 the toxic condition noticed by others when a high protein synthetic food was 

 fed was probably the result of the high calcium content of the food, the protein 

 being responsible only to the extent that it is the carrier of the calcium in the 

 form of calcium caseinate. The authors are unprepared as yet to state whether 

 this toxic condition is the result of the accumulated calcium itself or to a cal- 

 cium salt, possibly calcium oxalate. The work of Binger^ and the observations 

 of Marriott and Rowland^ they believe furnish additional material relating to 

 the same phenomenon. 



Earlier work has been noted (E. S. R., 40, p. 661 ). 



The effect of alkali and malt preparations on the retention of calcium in 

 infancy, A. Sato {Amer. Jour. Diseases Children, 16 {1918), No. 5, pp. 293- 

 298). — From the results of observations on a normal infant, the author believes 

 that the addition of alkali to milk produces a distinctly unfavorable effect 

 on the retention of calcium, but that the addition of malt extract without 

 alkali acts beneficially on the calcium storage. He believes that the favorable 

 effect of the malt is not due to the alkali originally containe<l in it or added 

 to it, since malt extract which contains a considerable amoiint of alkali has, 

 according to his data, an unfavorable influence on the calcium storage. 



Hospital diets and their relation to the treatment of certain diseases, E. G. 

 IMcCuLLOUGH (Canad. Med. Assoc. Jour., 6 {1916), No. 5, pp. 385-405, pi. 1, figs. 

 2). — A discussion of the diet used at the Peter Brent Brighara Hospital, Boston, 

 IMass., in the treatment of typhoid fever, nephritis, diabetes, and other ail- 

 ments in which careful dietetic measures must be observed. 



iJour. Pharmacol, and Espt. Ther., 10 (191"), No. 2, pp*. 105-119. 

 3 Arch. Int. Med., 18 (1916), No. 5, p. 708-711. 



