19191 FORESTRY. 651 



all rases except one the pollen of other species proved to he Impotent when ap- 

 plied to flowers of V. rotundifolia. When the pollen of V. vinifera is employed, 

 hybrids are secured with difficulty. Hybrids are readily secured when rotundi- 

 folia pollen is used on mnifera, thus indicating the prepotency of rotundifolia. 

 Many of the seeds secured by using vinifera pollen were not viable. In view of 

 the fact that thus far it has been impossible to secure hybrids between the wild 

 labrusca and rotundifolia grapes, the comparative ease with v/liich hybrids were 

 secured with the variety Concord when rotundifolia pollen was used would indi- 

 cate that Concord is a labrusca -vinifera hybrid rather than a pure labrusca. 



In previous grape-breeding work a pink color appeared in the fruits of some 

 of the hybrids, but the source of the color was undetermined. During the year 

 pink-fruited hybrids were secured by using light-colored parents. One of these 

 hybrids is self-fertile. Studies of size inheritance have shown in general that 

 the range in size of fruit in Fi hybrids extended from slightly below the mini- 

 mum of the one parent to somewhat above the maximum of the other. 



Dried wine grapes (Cal. State Bd. Vit. Conimrs. Bui. 15 {1919), pp. 28, figs. 

 16). — This bulletin contains the following three articles: The Market for Dried 

 Wine Grapes, by E. M. Sheehan (pp. 3-5) ; Methods and Returns, by F. T. Bio- 

 letti (pp. 6-9), in which the author discusses various means of utilizing wine 

 grapes in lieu of tlielr use for wine making ; and An Evaporator for Wine Grapes, 

 by W. V. Cruess (pp. 10-28). This last article describes and illustrates an 

 evaporator, which can be easily and quickly constructed ; in addition to its use 

 for drying wine grapes It is also suitable for drying rain-damaged grapes or 

 prunes and other fruits. 



Certain relationships between the flowers and fruits of the lemon, H. S. 

 Reed {Jour. Agr. Research [U. S.}, 17 {1919), No. 4, pp. 1.53-165, fig. 1).—A 

 contribution from the California Experiment Station, in which a small group 

 of Lisbon lemon trees in a commercial orchard was studied for two years to 

 obtain data on their fruiting habits. 



The fruit buds were distributed throughout the season approximately as 

 follows : Sixty-six per cent during March and April, 13 per cent in November, 

 17 per cent between April and November, and about 3 per cent during the 

 winter mouths. Few-flowered inflorescences predominated over many-flowered 

 inflorescences. A bud on a small inflorescence had a greater chance to develop 

 Into a mature fruit than one on a large inflorescence, where competition seems 

 to be too severe to allow all to survive. 



It required from 7 to 14 months, according to conditions, for the fruit to 

 reach ijiaturity. Fruit set in May, June, and July matured soonest. The season 

 at which fruit set was an important but not wholly determining factor in con- 

 trolling the time required for maturity. 



FORESTRY. 



The book of the National Parks, R. S. Yard {New York: Charles Scribner's 

 Sons, 1919, pp. XVI-\-420, pis. 56, figs. 4), — This work contains descriptive ac- 

 counts of the American National Parks, presented with the view of enabling 

 the reader to appreciate their importance, scope, meaning, beauty, manifold 

 uses, and value to the individual and Nation. The parks are grouped under the 

 following general headings : The Granite National Parks, the Volcauic National 

 Parks, the Sedimentary National Parks, and the Grand Canyon and our National 

 Monuments. In describing the several kinds of scenery the autlior also presents 

 in a popular way the practical findings of science relative to their origin. 



Farm woodlands and the war, H. S. Geaa'es {U. S. Dept. Agr. Yearbook 

 1918, pp. 317-826). — The author briefly sketches the part played by farm wood- 



