1919] HOKTICULTURE. 835 



Report of plant industry, P. A. Glknn {Ann. Rpt. Dept. Ayr. III., 1 {1918), 

 pp. 15-22). — A report of nursery inspection work within tlie State for tlie year 

 ended June 30, 1918. 



Some important problems in pomology and their significance, H. P. 

 Gould {Ohio State Hort. Soc. Ann. Rpt., 52 {1919), pp. 20-28).— Among the 

 problems discussed by the author are the maintenance of soil fertility, the se- 

 lection of a management system adapted to the individxial orchard, pruning, 

 the improvement of fruits through bud selection, and the development of 

 American-grown fruit stocks. 



Fruit blossoming records, H. B. Terby {So. African Fruit Grower and Small- 

 hold., 6 {1919), Xo. 9, pp. 243, 245, 247).— A contribution from the Potchefstroom 

 Agricultural Experiment Station, comprising a variety list of orchard friiits 

 with dates of first and full bloom. 



Fruit and fruit products of South Africa, R. A. Davis {So. African Jonr. 

 Indus., 2 {1919), No. 8, pp. 774-783). — This paper deals with the present status 

 of the deciduous fruit industry in South Africa. 



[Lists of fruits and ornamentals recommended for planting in Wiscon- 

 sin] {Ann. Rpt. Wis. State Hort. Soc, 49 {1919), pp. 7-17). — Lists are given 

 of oi'chard and small fruits, ornamental trees, shrubs, and perennial plants 

 recommended for planting in Wisconsin, including also a list of shrubs all ot 

 which have been tested and found not sufficiently hardy for general planting. 



The cost of building an orchard, V. H. Davis (Ohio State Hort. Soc. Ann. 

 Rpt., 50 {1917), pp. IO8-II4, fig. i).— Tlie author purchased a 145-acre farm 

 and commenced to convert it into an orchard property in 1906. Annual cost 

 data are given for all operations the first ten years, during which time 95 

 acres were planted to orchard and 25 acres were ready to be planted. 



At the end of the 10-year period, the total expenditures were $43,705.99, and 

 the total sales $9,592.29. An invoice was made at the end of this period, in 

 which the total investment was figured at $39,800, which after adding the 

 total expense leaves a balance of $5,686.30, the balance being dependent upon 

 the value given the trees. 



The outgo and income of a 10-acre apple orchard, U. P. Hedrick {Ohio 

 State Hort. Soc. Ann. Rpt., 51 {1918), pp. 23-28).— A summarized statement of 

 data presented in NeAV York State Station Bulletin 376 (E. S. R., 31, p. 46). 



Some notes on the distance between trees in planting at the experiment 

 station orchard, W. .J. Green {Ohio State Hort. Soc. Ann. Rpt., 51 {1918), pp. 

 20-23). — In the spring of 1893 the variety apple orchard at the Ohio Experi- 

 ment Station was planted, the trees being set 35 ft. apart each way. The 

 author presents measurements taken January 15, 1918, showing the spread 

 of branches for 31 varieties, and calls attention to the evils of overcrowding 

 trees in an apple orchard. 



Of the varieties listed, all but two had a spread of over 30 ft. in diameter, and 

 16 had a spread ranging from 35 to 40 ft. 



Apple bud selection: Apple seedlings from selected trees, C. S. Crandall 

 {Illinois Sta. Bui. 211, ahs. {1918), pp. //).— An abstract of Bulletin 211 of the 

 station (E. S. R., 39, p. 844). 



Apple grading laws. — Their value and requirements, H. C. Hetzel {Ohio 

 State Hort. Soc. Ann. Rpt., 51 {1918), pp. 66-70, fig. 1).—A report on investiga- 

 tions conducted by the Bureau of Markets, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 

 relative to the present status of apple-grading laws and practices in different 

 States, with conclusions as to the value and requirements of apple-grading 

 laws. 



