846 EXPERIMENT STATION REPOED, [Vol.41 



The Fusarium wilt of China aster, W. S. Beach {Ann. Rpt. Mich. Acad. Sci., 

 20 (1918), pp. 282-308, pis. 4, figs. 13). — This is an account of the early history 

 of the wilt disease of China aster and of studies thereon by the author. The 

 causal organism is claimed to be a new variety of F. conyUitmans, and is ac- 

 cordingly named F. conglutinans callistephi. 



Growth and production of conida cease at 14°C. (57.2°F.). Spores are killed 

 by exposure to 54.3° for about 10 minutes. The fungus is thought to be dis- 

 seminated in seed or else in soils. 



Control measures suggested are largely prophylactic and sanitary, but in- 

 clude also the development of resistant strains. 



[Injury to coniferous forest trees near manufacturing plants] in the valley 

 of the Arve, L. Mangin (Jotir. Agr. Prat., n. ser., 32 (,1919), Nos. 6, pp. 109- 

 111, figs. 3; 7, pp. 127-129, figs. 2). — An account is given of injury, primarily to 

 foliage and affecting particularly conifers, some species severely, in the valley 

 of the Arve following the increase, during the recent war, of activity in the 

 manufacture of certain war materials. 



Apparently, injury due to gas emanations from the works was brought about 

 by their being carried after absorption into water droplets in the air during 

 damp weather, and not by absorption of the gases directly. Root injury was 

 noted in connection with Trametes radiciperda. Physiological causes of unde- 

 termined characters appear to be concerned in case of trees aged 20 to 25 years. 

 Other investigations are considered necessary. 



Tests with some chemicals against root nematodes, II, T. A. C. Schoevers 

 {Meded. Landhoutvhoogsch. [Wageningen], 15 (1918), No. 2, pp. 85-88).— The 

 author reports a continuation of studies (E. S. R., 38, p. 555) regarding the 

 control of nematodes by soil treatment. 



It is stated that in the pots of soil kept over winter from the previous year's 

 experiment the nematodes had disappeared by spring, supposedly having been 

 killed by the severe cold. 



A new supply was obtained and these were employed in tests with 150 to 

 mato plants put into infected soil, each of the 10 lots containing 15 plants and 

 receiving treatment, except one kept as control. The degree of infection (re- 

 duced to percentage) ranged from zero for the lime-ammonium sulphate mix- 

 ture and the formalin treatment up through naphthalin 14, carbolineum 22, 

 quassia 33, sulphuric acid 39, caustic potash 45, benzine 48, and potassium sul- 

 phate 51 per cent, the control showing 52 per cent of infection. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



The raptorial birds of Iowa, B. H. Bah^ey {lotva Geol. Survey Bui. 6 (1918), 

 pp. 238, figs. 93). — This report deals ^\^th the birds of prey occurring in Iowa, 

 of which 33 forms are recognized. References to the literature accompany the 

 account of each form. 



Notes on North American birds, IX, H. C. Oberholsee (Auk, 36 (1919), 

 No. 4, pp. 556-559). 



Notes on the races of Quiscalus quiscalus, H. C. Obebholseb (Auk, S6 

 (1919), No. 4, pp. 549-555). 



The status of Larus hyperboreus barrovianus, H. C. Oberholsee {Proc. 

 Biol. Soc. Wash., 32 (1919), pp. 173-175). 



[Contributions on economic insects] (Ztschr. Angew. Ent., 3 (1916), No. 1, 

 pp. 196, pis. 6, figs. 46) . — The papers here presented include the following : 



The Development of the Sexes of the Honeybee (Apis mellifica), by E. Zan- 

 der (pp. 1-74), which deals with (1) the postembryonal development of the 

 reproductive organs, (2) of the drone, (3) of the queen, by F. Loschel, (4) of 



