1919] ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 853 



applied at the proper time, have given effective control. The effectiveness of 

 the spraying is more pronounced when the treatment is continued over several 

 seasons. Failures to combat the beetle satisfactorily are largely attributed 

 to delay in making the applications, allowing too long an interval between the 

 first and second applications, and lack of thoroughness due to poor spraying 

 apparatus, dense foliage, or spraying in windy weather. 



Investigations relating to this pest by Johnson and Hammar (E. S. R., 24. 

 p. 165) and others have been previously noted. 



Life history of the orchid pest (Crioceris subpolita Motsch?), S. Leefmans 

 {TreuUa [Dutch East Indies], 1 {1919), No. 2, pp. 82-89, pis. 3, figs. .5).— This 

 paper relates to a species which was received from several localities, Padang 

 (Sumatra), Buitenzorg, and Tjilatjap (Java), and was reared at Padang. 

 Both the beetles and larvse are destructive to various kinds of orchids by 

 eating the flowers by pi*eference and also the fruits and leaves if there are 

 no flowers. The complete life cycle rovers a period of from 25 to .31 days. 



The quince curculio (Gonotrachelus crataegi). — Methods of control in west- 

 ern New York, L. F. Strickland and J. B. Achilles (N. Y. Dept. Farms and 

 Markets, Dlr. Agr. Bui. 116 (1910), pp. J,5, pis. 8, figs. 3).— Requests for assist- 

 ance in eradicating the quince curculio in Niagara County, N. Y., the leading 

 county in quinc(^ production in the eastern United States and where for many 

 years it has not been uncommon for 80 to 90 per cent of the crop to be 

 seriously injured by this pest, led to the studies here reported. Following a 

 brief account of the life history of the species tne details are reported of con- 

 trol experiments conducted in the years 1915, 191G, 1917, and 1918, respectively, 

 a large part of which is given in tabular form. 



Very satisfactory results were obtained from two applications in .July of 

 Bordeaux (.3: 3:. 50) or lime-sulphur (1:40), to which was added 3 lbs. of 

 arsenate of lead to 50 gal. of spray. The first application was made as the 

 adults began to feed, which varies from July 6 to 17, and the second about 5 

 days later, when oviposition took place. The spray should be so applied that 

 both the upper and under surfaces of the fruit and foliage are covered. The 

 spraying should be supplemented by the collection and removal of all drops 

 and culls from the orchard before the larvse have left the fruit for hiberna- 

 tion. 



" The results of applying the spray at the two periods were excellent, the 

 lime the spray was applied being very important. The curculio larvge in plat 

 1 were reduced from 69.16 per cent to 1.78 in 1915, 0.89 in 1916, 6.82 in 1917, 

 and 0.32 in 1918. In plat 2 from the same infestation the curculio larvfe were 

 reduced to 21.48, 0.95, 0.59, and 0.06 i)er cent in the same four years. In plat 

 3 from the original infestation the larvfe v.^ere reduced to 21.48 per cent in 

 1915. 0.18 in 1916, 0.04 in 1917, and to none in 1918. On the check trees the 

 percentage of infestation of curculio larva? was 69.16, 78.25, 69.23, and 2.77 

 from 1915 to 1918 inclusive, the small infestation of 1918 being credited to 

 the unfavorable weather conditions at the time the larvse left the fruit in 

 October, 1917." 



A list is given of nine references to the literature. 



The life history of some social wasps in Java, W. Roepke (TreuMa [Dutch 

 East Indies], 1 {1919), 2s^ns. 1, pp. 1,6-50, pi. 1; 2, pp. 61-67, pis. 2, fig. 1).—In the 

 first paper the author deals with Polisles diabolieus, and in the second with 

 P. jnvanieus. 



Studies on the biology of Paracopidosoniopsis, I-IV, J. T. Patterson {Biol, 

 Bui. Mnr. Biol. Lah. Woods Hole, 32 (1917), No. .5, pp. 291-305; 33 (1917), Was. 

 1, pp. 38-50, pis. 2; 2. pp. 57-66, pis. 2: 35 {1918), No. 6, pp. 362-376, pis. 3).— 

 This is a report largely of studies conducted at Austin, Tex., the first part of 



