880 KXPERIMENT bTATlOK RK(X)Hl). I Vol. 11 



the disease developing in only 8.3 per cent of the cases and then in a liglit form 

 wliich was cured in a short time. 



The treatment of sarcoptic mange in the horse, M. A. van den Eeckhout 

 (Ann. M6d. Vet., 64 {1919), No. 3-4, pp. 112-115; ahs. in Rev. AppL Ent., Scr. 

 B, 7 (1919), No. 8, p. 136). — In treating this parasite the autlior recommends the 

 application of an ointment consisting of carbonate of soda, water, brown soap, 

 sulphur, and creolin one part by volume of each. This is rubbed in by means 

 of a hard brush so as to penetrate through the skin into the burrows, each 

 treatment to continue for about 30 minutes, after which the horse should be well 

 washed down with clean water and dried. The treatment should be repeated 

 four times with intervals of 3 to 4 days. 



Bacillary white diarrhea of young chicks. — VH, Ovarian infection of the 

 adult fowl and transmission of the disease through the oviduct, L. F. Rett- 

 GEK, "\y. F. KiRKPATRicK, and L. E. Card {Connecticut Storrs St a. Bui. 101 

 (1919), pp. 73-88). — In continuation of the investigation of bacillary white 

 diarrhea previously noted (E. S. II., 37, p. 383), the problem of the prevention 

 of the continued spread of ovarian infection through the breeding stock has 

 been considered in the present study. 



To determine whether the introduction of the organism of bacillary white 

 diarrhea into the cloaca and oviduct of laying hens may lead to permanent 

 ovarian infection, and to demonstrate whether the male plays the imix>rtant 

 role of transmitting the infection from Infected to hitherto sound hens, two 

 sets of experiments were conducted with adult fowls which had previously 

 been found to be free from Bacterium puUorum infection. In the first ex- 

 periment four groups of 18 well-matured Rhode Island Red pullets were housed 

 permanently in separate thoroughly disinfected houses and treated as follows : 

 One lot serving as check was left uninfected, while the other three lots con- 

 sisted of 9 hens artificially infected, and 9 uninfected, one without male and 

 the other two with males. The infection was produced by oviduct injections 

 of from 0.5 to 1 cc. of a 24 to 48 hour broth culture of B. piMorum. A second 

 inoculation of the same individuals was made one month later, following which 

 three sets of agglutination tests were made. The birds were killed and ex- 

 amined five months after the first inoculation. 



The second series of experiments was conducted along similar lines, three 

 sets of 20 White Leghorn hens each being used, a check lot uniuoculated, 

 and two lots consisting of half inoculated and half uniuoculated, one set 

 without male and one with male added late in the experiment. The inocu- 

 lation was made with a culture of B. pullorunv similar to that of the first 

 experiment but in this ease diluted with an equal volume of physiological salt 

 solution before measurement. 



In the first series, practically all of the infected hens reacted promptly to 

 the agglutination test, while with a single exception, none of the untreated lot 

 reacted. In the second series, while the percentage of positive reactors was 

 smaller than in the first, the relative number of permanently infected hens was 

 much largei". The negative results of the agglutination tests and ovarian 

 examination of hens of the check lot and of those associated with the inocu- 

 lated hens are considered of significance as indicating that transmission of 

 infection from hen to hen through infected litters and by ordinary association 

 is rare. No definite conclusions could be drawn concerning the part played by 

 the male in the transmission of the infected organism, but it is thought that 

 this method of transmission can no longer be doubted. 



In conclusion the authors advise that " as a practical means of preventing 

 the spread of B. ptiUuruni infection from hen to hen, and thus making the 



