The Weekly Florists^ Review. 



189 



fe. 



FIG. I. 



FIG. 2. 



FIG. 3. 



FIG. 4. 



FIO. S 



PRACTICAL HINTS ON FIRING. 



An extremely practical article on fir- 

 ing, written by Wm. Kavanagh, appeared 

 in the July Power, from which 

 the following is extracted: Different 

 methods of firing are shown in the ac- 

 companying illustrations. Fig. 1 is a 

 longitudinal view of a furnace showing 

 the coal hi^h at the center and falling 

 away rapidly towards the furnace door 

 and bridge w-all. Fig. 2 is a cross-sec- 

 tion of Fig. 1, and shows the coal high 

 at the center and thin towards the fur- 

 nace walls. This method of firing is 

 knowji as the "humpback," and is very 

 wasteful. Fig. 3 is an improvement over 

 Fig. 1, and is known as the "wedge," 

 with the large end nearest the furnace 

 door. Fig. 4 is t'.ie reverse of Fig. 3, 

 showing the wedge with its large end 

 nearest the bridge wall. 



There are many engineers and firemen 



who religiously believe in the wedge 

 method, some preferring Fig. 3 others 

 Fig. 4. Nevertheless, the wedge shows 

 the least resistance to the air at its thin- 

 nest end, which admits of a large volume 

 of cold air, first assisting to cool the 

 boiler and surroimdings at the thinnest 

 end and then being heated to the proper 

 temperature at the expense of the thick- 

 est portion of the fire. Fig. .5 is known 

 as the ' ' scoop method, ' ' which shows 

 the coal high at the furnace walls and 

 becoming gradually thin towards the cen- 

 ter. This method is not an improvement 

 over the wedge, but is an improvement 

 over Fig. 3, providing its center is not 

 too thin. Its bad point is, the center 

 being thin admits large volumes of cold 

 air, which lead directly to a loss of 

 fuel. 



Fig. G shows the "pancake" method 

 of firing, in which the fire is maintained 

 at the same depth all over the entire 

 grate surface. In this method of firing 

 the resistance offered to the atmosphere 

 in flowing thi-ough the coal is almost 

 equal; hence a greater uniformity of 

 heated gases strikes the boiler and passes 

 over the bridge wall, to be carried 

 through the tubes and delivered to the 

 chimney with the greatest amount of heat 

 extracted by the heating surface. In 

 some instructions printed for the use of 

 firemen they are told to carry a light 

 fire where the draft is poor and a heavy 

 fire where the draft is good. The writer 

 is of the opinion that these instructions 

 were printed for plants where no damp- 

 ers existed. 



A very handy tool is shown in Fig. 7 

 for leveling off the fire. A piece of 

 1,^-inch pipe long enough to reach to the 

 bridge wall with a Vo-iucb tee screwed 

 on one end, to which is fitted two pieces 

 of %-inch pipe about fourteen inches 

 long, or long enough to go across half 

 the" fire. By sliding this tool along on 

 top of the fire we can keep it very level 

 and free from humps. Some firemen 

 spread the bank with the rake. This is 

 a very good tool to use in spreading the 

 fire, as it affords an opportunity to pick 

 out any clinkers or dirt during the op- 

 eration. 



Fig. S shows a furnace fitted with a 

 "dead plate" at the rear end of the 

 grate bars, as shown ; if we bank the 

 fire as shown we can push back 

 bank on dead plate and haul out 

 ashes and clinkers without danger 

 mixing them into the bank. This meth- 

 od is superior to banking at the bridge 

 wall, as it enables us to spread the fire 

 immediately after hauling out the 

 ashes, besides, there is not so much coal 

 lost in "jumping" over the bridge wall 

 during the operation of coaling the 

 bank. 



the 

 all 

 of 



THE PHILADELPHIA FLOWER 

 MARKET. 



I am often asked how the market 

 pays me. I have made money there. 



The market has been open just seven 

 weeks. Compared with the same period 

 last year, my returns are much better. 

 I attribute this improvement to there 

 being no bruising and no waste, also 

 to the buyers being able to find ray 

 flowers when they want them. 



I am always glad to deliver orders. 

 Kverything that is not. ordered goes to 

 the market. My regular customers have 

 hppu generous with their orders, yet it 



FIG. 6. 



FIG. 7. 



FIG. 8. 



is surprising how much business can be 

 done, and done quicklj', with the flow- 

 ers that are not ordered. 



Mr. R. G. Palmer tells ine that his 

 experience agrees with mine. 



The market is the greatest benefit 

 Philadelphia has ever offered to the 

 growers who peddle their flowers. 



John Welsh Young. 



Upsal. Dec. 20, 1902. 



Ubbaka, III. — At the annual meeting 

 of the Illinois State Horticultural So- 

 ciety officers for the ensuing year were 

 elected as follows: President, H. A. Al- 

 clrioh, Neoga; secretaiy. L. R. Bryant, 

 Princeton ; treasurer, J. W. Stanton. 

 Ricliview. It was decided to hold future 

 meetings here at the University of Illi- 

 nois. 



As Christmas comes on Tlnirsday, our 

 mailing day, this issue will be mailed 

 on Friday and will therefore reach our 

 readers a day late. It will be the same 

 next week, as New Years also comes on 

 our mailing day. 



IT WILL BE to your advantage to 

 mention The Florists' Review every time 

 j'ou write an advertiser. 



