DISEASES OF PLANTS. 51 



/ iJ91S), No. 1, pp. 8-U, pl- i, figs. 5).— The author states that in Dahomey a 

 disease of cacao trees is present which is commonly designated as sunstrolie 

 or apoplexy. The leaves on the trees often turn yellow, dry, and fall without 

 the trees showing any pronounced indication of disease. The trouble seems 

 most prevalent during the dry season, and in certain regions three-fourths of 

 the plants have been attacked. A study of the leaves showed they were para- 

 sitized by a fungus which proved to be L. theohromw. The synonymy of the 

 fungus is given, from which it appears that it has been previously described 

 under a number of names. 



Nematode worms and mottled leaf, J. R. Hodges (Mo. Bui. Com. Hort. Cal., 

 2 {191S), No. 6, pp. 555, 550). — An account of Investigation and treatment of 

 mottled leaf of citrus trees. 



An examination of affected trees on different kinds of soil showed an im- 

 perfect condition in the fibrous root system common to all trees badly affected 

 with mottled leaf. By scraping the rootlets while submerged in water, live, 

 actively moving nematodes were found, in many cases these being very numer- 

 ous on badly decayed roots. It is suggested that these often infest the roots 

 of transplanted nursery stock and that they also spread from one tree to 

 another in irrigation and storm water. It is said that some of these nematodes 

 were kept for 8 days in water without apparent injury. In badly infested 

 orchards they appear to attack also the roots of various weeds. 



The author reports some success in treating affected trees with carbon bisul- 

 phid. The best results were obtained by making shallow holes about 2 in. deep, 

 1 ft. apart each way, and putting about three-fourths of an ounce of carbon 

 bisulphid in each hole, the ground being then covered with an impervious tent 

 or cloth which was allowed to remain for about 48 hours. After this treat- 

 ment no live nematodes could be found. Just how much smaller dosage could 

 be used with success is not known, but trees treated with greater amounts 

 showed injury, losing their leaves. After treating, the ground was covered 

 with a mulch of barnyard manure about 1 in. thick which kept up an even 

 moisture content of about 10 per cent during the season following. The trees 

 then showed a normal condition of fibrous roots, and while not entirely free 

 from the nematodes, they are now reported as doing very well. 



Two fungi as causal agents in gummosis of lemon trees in California, 

 H. S. Fawcett (Mo. Bui. Com. Hort. Cal., 2 (1913), No. 8, pp. 601-617, figs. 

 12). — It is stated that at least two forms of gummosis occur in California that 

 are readily transmissible by inoculation. One of these is due to the fungus 

 Botrytis vulgaris, the other to the brown rot fungus (Pythiacystis citroph- 

 thora). 



The Botrytis gummosis is characterized by the killing of the outer layer 

 of the bark much in advance of the inner, and by a softening of the bark and 

 the production of spores in moist weather, where the bark is entirely killed 

 to the wood. The brown rot gummosis is characterized by the killing of the 

 bark to the wood as the area of infection advances, without outward evidence 

 of the fungus at any time. 



The use of concentrated Bordeaux mixture or Bordeaux paste has given 

 promising results in the treatment of these forms of gummosis if the diseased 

 areas were properly prepared before their application. 



Two fungus parasites of Agati grandiflora, E. Foex (Bui. Trimest. Soc. 

 Mycol. France, 29 {1913), No. 3, pp. 348-352, figs. 5).— Descriptions are given of 

 O'idlurn agatidis n. sp. and Cercospora agatidis n. sp., parasitic on A. grandi- 

 I'ora, an ornamental tree extensively grown in Cochin China. 



The structure and systematic position of Mapea radiata, R. Maire (/?///. 

 Trimest. Soc. Mycol. France, 29 {1913), No. S, pp. 335-338, fig. l).—ln 1906 



