VETERINARY MEDICINE. 181 



react with the organ extracts from animals affected with anthrax, as do also 

 normal sera of bovines, rabbits, and griiinea pigs. Egg white behaves toward 

 the derivatives in the same way. 



A specific reaction can be obtained with extracts of the epiploon, heart, liver, 

 or spleen of guinea pigs affected with carbunculosis. The extracts of the 

 epiploon were more active than those of the spleen. 



Thermoprecipitation in anthrax, Z. Szymanowski and J. Zagaja {Ztschr. 

 Infektionskrank. u. II yg. Ilaustiere, 12 (1912), No. 3, pp. 256-265; abs. in 

 Ztschr. Immunitatsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, Ref., 6 {1913), No. 8, p. 719).— A group 

 of animals is described in which 69 were suspected of having anthrax. Of 

 these, 33 gave a positive and 22 a negative precipitin test. These findings were 

 verified by the bacteriological examination. In 11 cases the thermoprecipitin 

 reaction showed positive when the bacteriological test showed negative, but in 

 only 3 cases did the thermoprecipitin test show negative when positive results 

 were found bacteriologically. 



Anthrax vaccination, its use and abuse, J. A. Goodwin (Amer. Vet. Rev., 

 43 (1913), No. 3, pp. 267-275) .—This discusses the reasons for failure in 

 anthrax vaccination, the kinds of animals to vaccinate, points to be considered 

 in immunizing animals, impotency of some vaccines, the advisability of hyper- 

 immunizing animals, abuse of anthrax vaccination, and the promiscuous distri- 

 bution of vaccines and other biological products by unreliable parties. 



Feeding" experiments with the vii-us of infectious bulbar paralysis, S. voN 

 Ratz (Ztschr. Infektionskrank. u. Ilyg. Haustiere, 13 (1913), No. 1-2, pp. 

 1-7). — The experiments showed that the virus of this disease may be ingested 

 by mice and Carnivora in infected food and the disease produced in this v/ay. 

 Five of 11 cats and dogs fed upon virulent material died. 



The relationship between the paratyphoid infections in man and in 

 animals, D. A. de Jong (Rev. G4n. MM. V^t., 22 (1913), No. 255-256, pp. 117- 

 123; abs. in Jour. Compar. Path, and Ther., 26 (1913), No. 3, pp. 266-26S) .—The 

 author concludes that " bacterial diseases of animals slaughtered for meat can 

 only be considered as the cause of meat poisoning in very exceptional cases. 

 The organisms in question occur in nature as saprophytes and are to some extent 

 excreted by diseased or healthy men and animals (carriei*s). They can be 

 found normally in healthy men and animals. In such cases they may be the 

 cause of secondary infections. They can infect the carcasses or animal prod- 

 ucts of even healthy animals, but more particularly the carcasses and products 

 of diseased animals, because these form a particularly favorable culture medium 

 for the organisms." 



Some peculiar and probably specific bodies in the erythrocytes in rinder- 

 pest and another allied disease, W. L. Braddon et al. (Parasitology, 6 (1913), 

 No. 3, pp. 265-275, pi. 1). — The bodies here described have been invariably 

 found by the author in all cases of typical acute i-inderpest during the febrile 

 stages and in the great majority of the cases for long periods up to S months 

 after recovery has taken place. 



"The occurrence of a body of special, and within certain limits, uniform 

 mon^hology has been demonstrated in the red corpuscles of animals affected 

 with rinderpest. The movements of the body, the evidence of its growth pari 

 passu with the development of the disease, and above all its reproduction in 

 animals in which it was not previously present on the inoculation of material 

 containing it, are evidence of its being a living and independent organism. Its 

 detected presence (so far) only in animals which at the time have, or which 

 probably have had, rinderpest recently, and its entire absence from animals 

 highly susceptible to the disease, but known not to have had it or to have been 

 exposed to infection, affords a presumption that the body is si^ecifically related 



