186 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



the ampulla of the vas deferens, respectively, showed symptoms of influenza 

 within 3 to 5 days thereafter. The fact that no micro-organisms of etiologic 

 importance could be demonstrated therein microscopically or culturally leads 

 the author to conclude that the virus is ultravisible. He considers catarrhal 

 influenza (Rotlaufseuche, influenza erysipelatosa) and pectoral influenza or 

 contagious pleuropneumonia (Brustseuche) to be two independent diseases. 



The etiolog-y and therapy of typhoid fever or influenza in the horse 

 (Pferdestaupe), B. Bemelmans (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.'], 1. AU., Orig., 68 (1913), 

 No. 1, pp. S-28, fig. 1). — Investigations extending over a period of 5 years lead 

 the author to distinguish between catarrhal influenza or typhoid fever (Pferde- 

 staupe) and contagious pleuro-pneumonia (Brustseuche) of the horse, which 

 he considers to be two independent affections. 



He concludes that the influenza (Pferdestaupe) virus is ultravisible, as re- 

 ported by Basset (E. S. R., 28, p. 184), since the affection can be transmitted 

 by the porcelain filter filtrate from blood obtained from horses naturally or 

 artificially infected. The virus may remain virulent for a long time, even 

 for 3 years, in the seminal vesicles of a healthy stallion which may infect mares 

 at the time of service. Such mares act as a source of infection to other horses 

 in the stable. The infection is not transmitted to any distance by interme- 

 diary carriers. The period of incubation in artificially infected animals is from 

 3 to 5 days. In blood kept at room temperature the virus loses its virulence 

 in 3 mouths. The course of influenza is benign, save in colts and pregnant 

 mares, and under normal conditions recovery takes place in from 10 to 12 

 days. The author considers it desirable that horses at remount stations be 

 artifically infected with the influenza virus and that this be done as soon as 

 possible after their arrival at the station. 



Influenza among- remounts and its treatment with salvarsan, Jageb 

 (Ztschr. VeteriivdrJc., 25 {1913), No. 7, pp. 289-299; ahs. in Vet. Jour., 69 

 (1913), No. 460, pp. 470, 4'^1)- — This paper is based upon studies of a large 

 number of cases of the disease. The treatment with salvarsan consisted in 

 the injection of 3 gm. dissolved in 150 cc. of a 0.9 salt solution into the jugular 

 vein, one dose being sufficient. 



The author finds that " salvarsan causes a quick decline of fever and a short- 

 ening of the whole fever period, a slow favorable infiuence on the activity of 

 the heart, a limiting and retarding of the pneumonia, a beneficial effect on 

 the appetite and general condition — loss of weight seldom occurred, a shorten- 

 ing of convalescence, no checking or avoidance of dreaded subsequent effects — 

 tendonitis, roaring, etc., scarcely any arrest or stoppage of the source of infec- 

 tion, and scarcely any shortening of the duration of the illness." 



A note upon strang-les in the Philippine Islands, W. H. Boynton (Philip- 

 pine Jour. ScL, Sect. B, 8 (1913), No. 3, pp. 237-240) .—" From the results 

 derived from the cultures and from microscopic examinations of the purulent 

 discharges, it is evident that streptococcic infection exists In horses in the 

 Philippine Islands. 



" Since bouillon cultures had no effect on rabbits and guinea pigs when inocu- 

 lated subcutaneously, and did have decided effect upon a horse, it proves con- 

 clusively that the organism isolated was Btreptococcus equi. No white mice 

 w^ere on hand, so the virulence of the culture could not be tested on them. 



"From the information gained through inquii-y it is very evident that 

 strangles is a widesi^read disease among horses in the Islands, an interesting 

 fact in view of the reputed rarity of streptococcic infections in man." 



Protective substances of fowl cholera immune serum, E. Weil (Arch. Hyg., 

 76 (1912), No. S, pp. 343-400 ; ahs. in Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, 

 Bef., 6 (1912), No. 12, p. 911). — The immunizing power of immune serum which 



