ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 157 



The San Jose scale in Tennessee with methods for its control, G. M. Bent- 

 ley (Tenn. Bd. Ent. Bui. 8, 1913, pp. 2/t, figs. 2i).— This account has b«en 

 previously noted from another source (E. S. R., 29, p. 53), 



Some preliminary notes on a scale insect infesting the banana in Fiji, 

 F. P. Jepson {Dept. Agr. Fiji Bid. 5, 1913, pp. 7; ahs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 1 

 (1913), Ser. A, No. Jf, p. 136). — This paper relates to the infestation of bananas 

 by the transparent coconut scale (Aspidiotus destructor). 



The Abutilon moth (Cosmophila erosa), F. H. Chittenden (U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Bur. Ent Bid. 126, pp. 10, pis. 5). — This is a summarized account of the 

 present knowledge of the Abutilon moth, the larvae of which defoliate okra, 

 hollj'hock, and Abutilon in Virginia and the District of Columbia. It has also 

 been observed feeding on Hibiscus esculentus and Malva rotundifolia in the 

 District of Columbia and on cowpeas in Mississippi. Technical descriptions are 

 given of its several stages. 



The application of a spray consisting of 40 per cent nicotin sulphate * oz.. 

 whale-oil soap 1 lb., and lukewarm water 5 gal. resulted in the destruction of 

 95 per cent of the larvae. A second application resulted in the complete eradi- 

 cation of the pest. 



A bibliography of 10 titles is appended. 



The red-humped caterpillar (Schizura concinna), E. J. Yosler (J/o. Bui. 

 Com. Hort. Cal, 2 (1913), No. 9, pp. 65Jf-657, figs. 2 ) .—Considerable damage to 

 the apple, walnut, etc., is often caused in the central portion of California by 

 this pest. 



The finiit tree leaf roller (Archips argyrospila), G. P. Weldon (Mo. Bid. 

 Com. Hort. Cal., 2 (1913), No, 9, pp. 637-647, figs. 6).— This leaf roller is said to 

 have ruined much of the fruit in several orchards in San Diego County, Cal. 



A new sugar-cane pest, C. Fuller (Agr. Jour. Union So. Africa, 5 (1913), 

 No. 6, pp. 931-933). — This paper deals with a caterpillar which webs together 

 the immature leaves forming the spike of the cane and. living within the pro- 

 tecting tube so formed, feeds upon the inner surface of the outer leaf forming 

 the spike. 



The Hessian fly, T. J. Headlee and J. B. Parker (Kansas Sta. Bid. 188, 

 pp. 83-138, figs. 15). — In this bulletin the authors have brought together the 

 results of their personal investigations in Kansas, together with a review of 

 the more important findings of other investigators. The subject is dealt with 

 under the headings history and distribution, habits and life history, seasonal 

 history, natural checks, injury, and measures of control. A diagram depicting 

 the life history is included (see fig. 1). 



It is stated that six different outbreaks of the Hessian fly have occurred in 

 Kansas during the 41 years that it is known to have been present there. Dur- 

 ing the last and greatest of these outbreaks, that of 1908, 10,000,000 bushels of 

 wheat were destroyed. 



The length of its life cycle is variable, ranging under field conditions from 

 45 days to 12 months or more, dry weather and cool weather lengthening it, 

 and moist and warm weather shortening the perio<:l. "The number of broods 

 is variable. In 1908 main-spring, supplementary-spring, midsummer, main- 

 fall, and supplementary-fall broods were determined. In dry summers it is 

 likely that midsummer and supplementary-fall broods would not appear, and 

 it is likely that in very dry years, particularly when the drought begins early, 

 the supplementary-spring brood might be eliminated." 



Under measures of control mention is made of grazing, rolling or brushing, 

 mowing, fly-proof wheat, spraying and dusting infested plants, intermittent 

 wheat culture, and trap planting as of little, if any, value. The useful methods 

 include the destruction of the fly in infested stubble by burning or plowing 



