ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 155 



somewhat larger number of parasitic insects than did any of the winter flowed 

 bogs even as late as August 20. The information obtained in the study of this 

 insect emphasizes the importance of spraying with arsenical poisons before the 

 infestation starts. Since most bogs should be sprayed several times each year 

 to control fungus diseases, Paris green for use against the fireworm may be 

 applied at the same time by adding 1 lb. to every 50 gal. of Bordeaux mixture. 

 A brief description is given of the most successful treatment for the control of 

 the cranberry insects through the application of water to the bogs which has 

 come to the author's attention. He states that there is little doubt that any 

 bog can be freed from this fireworm by treating it for a few years as a strictly 

 dry bog. 



The season's observations of the cranberry girdler (Cramhus hortellus) are 

 said to sustain in every particular the conclusions concerning it reached the 

 previous two years. Resanding every other year is usually sufficient to pre- 

 vent infestation by it. Reflowing for a week or 10 days right after picking is 

 still a standard remedy for it where sufficient water is available. 



Methods of controlling' mill and stored grain insects, together with the 

 habits and life histories of the common infesting species, G. A. Dean (A'an- 

 sas Sta. Bui. 189, pp. 139-236, figs. 62).— The first part of this bulletin deals 

 at some length with the use of heat as a means of controlling mill insects, and 

 reports experiments conducted, many of the details of which have been pre- 

 viously noted from other sources (E. S. R., 29, p. 253). The author presents 

 illustrations, temperature records, and other data relating to mills which have 

 used heat successfully. Hydrocyanic acid gas treatment for mill insects is 

 next taken up and described at length. This is followed by a discussion of 

 carbon bisulphid fumigation as a means of destroying insects injurious to grain 

 stored in granaries and small elevators. The last part of the bulletin (pp. 

 198-236) is devoted to a discussion of the habits and life history of the com- 

 mon stored grain and mill insects, some 25 of which are described and figured. 

 "The only practical and efficient method at present known of completely 

 controlling all classes of mill-iufevSting insects is by the application of high 

 temperatures, and this method has been so developed within the last 3 years 

 that it promises to revolutionize the present inadequate methods. In Kansas 

 the heating of several mills has absolutely proved that no stage of a mill insect, 

 even in the most inaccessible places, could withstand the heat, and several 

 mills in Ohio, Illinois, Nebraska, Iowa, Indiana, southern Canada, and else- 

 where have corroborated the practicability and the efficiency of heat as a means 

 of controlling mill insects. . . . Many insects do not yield readily to hydro- 

 cyanic acid gas, but no mill insect can withstiind for any length of time a 

 temperature of from 118 to 122° F. . . . 



"A mill that has sufficient radiation to heat it in winter to a temperature 

 of 70° can readily be heated in summer to a temi^erature of from 118 to 122". 

 With the heat method there is no possibility of injuring the floors, belts, or 

 mill machinery and there is practically no danger from Are. The Mutual Fire 

 Prevention Bureau, representing eight of the principal millers' insurance com- 

 panies, recommends the heating system for effective fumigation against all mill 

 and stored grain infesting insects. If a mill is infested with Mediterranean 

 flour moth, hydrocyanic acid gas is a very effective treatment, but in no case 

 where it is possible to use heat is the hydrocyanic acid gas treatment recom- 

 mended." 



The destruction of injurious insects by vegetable parasites, L. Le Moult 

 (Prog. Agr. ct Tit. (Ed. VEst-Ccntre) , 8Jf (1913), Nos. 34, PP. 239-2^6; 35, pp. 

 265-277; 36, pp. 297-308) .—This is a general review. 

 28054°— 14 5 



