166 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



refrigeration vastly superior to that now found in the average home could be 

 had for at least one-fourth the present cost." 



The paper is followed by a discussion. 



Cooking and heating with electricity, C. T. Phillips (Architect and Engin., 

 3Jf {1913), No. 3, pp. 93-99, figs. 7).— Electric cooking equipment of different 

 sorts is described and data summarized regarding the rates for electricity for 

 cooliing purposes in different parts of the United States and the cost of cooking 

 by this method. 



The food factor in some sociologic problems (Jour. Amer. Med. Assoc, 61 

 {1913), No. 16, p. 1463). — In discussing the problem of food in relation to socio- 

 logical problems, the following statement is made : 



"Perhaps our sociologists have not sufficiently appreciated in the past that 

 the occurrence of conditions in which the support of the family and the provi- 

 sion of even the barest necessities prevent the attainment of any variety and 

 interest in life and almost enforce a monotonous existence reacts in a variety 

 of w^ays on the health and efficiency of the community through the diet factors 

 referred to. The essays at amelioration and reform must accordingly take into 

 account possible changes in the mode of feeding which might set free a greater 

 proportion of the income for other things than food. Dietary habits need to be 

 dealt with in this field quite as much as ignorance and the * stultifying influ- 

 ence of the surroundings.' " 



[Increased cost of maintenance of children] (In Special Report Chicago 

 Nursery and Half -Orphan Asylum, 1860-1913. Chicago [1913], pp. 12, 13). ~ 

 Since its establishment in 1S74 the institution has cared for more than 4,500 

 children for periods varying from a few weeks to a long term of years. 



A gradual increase in the cost of support per child has been noted. The 

 average cost of maintenance from 1874 to 1883 was $79.98 per child per year; 

 from 1884 to 1893, $88.68; from 1894-1903, $101.45; and from 1904 to 1913, 

 $140.60. These estimates " do not take into account the numerous contribu- 

 tions of food, clothing, and general equipment which have made it possible to 

 keep the expenses down to these figures. Nor do they include the maintenance, 

 repairs, and improvements of the building." 



Cost of living in Nova Scotia, J. W. Ragsdale {Daily Cons, and Trade Rpts. 

 [U. 8.], 16 {1913), No. 157, p. i5^).— Data are given regarding the kinds and 

 amounts of food consumed by a family consisting of a man and woman and 4 

 children. 



[Using the usual factors for the composition of food, etc., it has been cal- 

 culated that the food purchased for this family (calculated to be equal to 3.7 

 men) supplied 116 gm. protein and 3,325 calories of energy per man per day.] 



Food prices in London — ^an inquiry into present conditions as affecting the 

 poorer classes of workers, J. C. Pringle {London: Charity Organ. Soc, 1913, 

 pp. 36). — A large amount of statistical data is summarized and discussed with 

 reference to the kind of foods purchased and the prices paid by families of 

 moderate income. A number of family budgets are included. 



The pamphlet as a whole supplies much information regarding the living 

 conditions of the poorer families of the working class in London. 



[Luncheon for women clerks employed in the Bank of England], E. M. 

 Harvey (In Minutes of Evidence taken hefore the Royal Commission on the 

 Civil Service, Ajyril 10-25, 1913, with Appendices. London: Govt., 1913, p. 95). — 

 A brief statement regarding the improvement in health which has followed 

 the serving of a luncheon free of cost to women employees in the Bank of Eng- 

 land. Whereas numerous cases of neuritis in the arm or some other form of 

 nerve trouble before this was done were prevalent, " complaints of this charac- 

 ter are now very rare." 



