ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 251 



control ; and biological notes on Tomaspis ruhra sororia, T. pubescens, T. 

 guppyi n. sp., T. postica, and Glastoptera Iwnaia. 



[Froghoppers in Trinidad], J. C. Kershaw et al. (Dept. Agr. Trinidad and 

 Tobago Bui, 12 (1913), No. 73, pp. 95-106, pis. 2, figs. i2).— These notes relate 

 to mating, oviposition, estivation of eggs, manner in which the froghopper 

 feeds, the green muscardine fungus, etc. 



Rearing of the vermilion froghopper egg parasite, F. W. Urich (Bd. Agr. 

 Trinidad and Tobago, Girc. 7, 1913, pp. 7; abs. in Rev. Appl. Ent., 1 {1913), 

 Ser. A, No. 4, PP- fl6, 111). — The methods employed in rearing the egg parasite 

 of this froghopper. in Trinidad are described. 



The froghopper e^s parasite (Oligosita giraulti) and its colonization in 

 the cane fields, F. AV, Urich {Bd. Agr. Trinidad and Tobago, Circ. 11, 1913, 

 pp. 9). — This paper presents additional data on the froghopper a^^^ ])arasite. 

 which has been described by Crawford as 0. giraulti. It embodies the results 

 of rearings of the parasite under laboratory conditions from February to June, 

 including notes on its life history, habits of the adult parasite, multiplication, 

 etc. 



On a remarkable gall-producing psyllid from Syria, R. Newstead and B. F. 

 CuMMiNGs {Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 8. ser., 11 {1913), No. 63, pp. 306-308, 

 pi. 1, fig. 1). — The author describes a pod-shaped gall, found some 8 miles from 

 Beyrout on a twig of what is thought to be a tamarind, and the larvae and 

 pupae of a species of psyllid belonging to the subfamily Triozinae, which it 

 contained. 



The rosy apple aphis (Aphis sorbi), serious pest, H. F. Wilson {Better 

 Fruit, 7 {1913), No. 12, pp. 17, i8).— This aphid is said to be by far the most 

 serious plant louse attacking fruit trees in Oregon. The species, a native of 

 Europe, probably imported to this country on nursery stock, has now spread 

 to most of the apple-growing sections of the United States, and is said to be 

 generally distributed in Oregon. 



In this paper the author reports studies of its life history and habits so far 

 as determined during 2 seasons' work. The wanter is passed in the egg stage, 

 the stem mothers hatching out just as the buds begin to open in the spring. 

 The aphids usually attack the leaves surrounding the fruit clusters, but in 

 years when the crop is light may be found almost anywhere on the leaves. 

 Their attacks result in the production of deformed apples, this apparently 

 being due to the extra supply of juices drawn into the leaves and absorbed by 

 the aphids. Unlike the green apple aphis this species seldom attacks the young 

 growing shoots. 



In experiments conducted during the spring of 1911 applications of blackleaf 

 40 and of blackleaf 40 combined with lime-sulphur have been found to be effi- 

 cient, but lime-sulphur (1:10) alone failed to have any effect upon the aphids. 

 It is stated that spray thoroughly applied at the time the buds are commenc- 

 ing to open will prevent from 95 to 100 per cent of aphis infestation. 



Report on the distribution of the grape phylloxera (Phylloxera vastatrix) 

 in Austria in 1910, 1911, and 1912, as well as on the work and results 

 secured in reestablishing infested vineyards, together with the laws, orders, 

 and exemptions dealing with the phylloxera {Ber. Verbr. Reblaus Osterr., 

 1910-1912. pp. 332, pi. 1). — This report, which covers the various grape growing 

 centers of Austria, is in continuation of the report previously noted (E. S. R., 

 25, p. 341). 



The beet plant louse in northern France, A. Mai.aquin and A. M01T16 {Vie 

 Agr. et Rurale. 2 {1913), No. 24, pp. 696-699. figs. 7; abs. in Internat. Inst. Agr. 

 [Rome'\, Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 4 {1913), No. 7, p. 1125). — 

 Aphis papaveris has appeared in large numbers in northern France during the 



