RURAL ECONOMICS. 295 



in Cleveland, by C. Kamp; (3) The Indianapolis Market, by A. Burk; (4) The 

 Milwaukee Municipal Market, by L. Tiefenthaler; (5) Municipal Markets in 

 Philadelphia, by A. Lippincott; and (6) The Rochester Public Market, by W. W. 

 MerrUl. 



C. L. King outlines the purpose of this symposium and enumerates the prin- 

 cipal points taken up by each of the other authors, such as the character of the 

 market, charges, regulations, extent of use by farmers, encouragement given to 

 farmers, effect of the market on prices, and the effect of marketing on the sur- 

 rounding country. The other authors describe the conditions of the market in 

 their city with these suggestions in mind. 



Cleveland's retail markets, C. G. Carpenter {Agr. Student, 20 {1913), No. 

 2, pp. 127-129, fig. 1). — The author describes the market conditions in Cleveland 

 and concludes that the real value of the public market is that it furnishes a 

 means of distributing the fresh products of the farm and garden to the most 

 people at the lowest cost of distribution. 



Car-lot markets and how they are supplied, F. Andrews {Ann. Amer. 

 Acad. Polit. and Soc. Sci., 50 {1913), No. 139, pp. i-5).— The author states that 

 the more perishable of farm products give rise to special market problems. 

 Some of those mentioned are the size of market, the location of market places, 

 the sources of supplies, the methods used to obtain car-lot shipments, the 

 handling of cars in transit, and the value and difficulties of various systems of 

 market news. 



Markets for American fruit {Spec. Cons. Rpts. [U. S.'\, 1913, No. 62, pp. 

 54). — This abstract contains reports from consuls located in 23 foreign countries 

 showing market conditions, tariffs and other regulations, prices, and source of 

 supply of fruit. These reports are taken from replies to inquiries sent out at 

 the request of the Pacific coast fruit growers' associations. 



Prevention of waste and seasonal price fluctuations through refrigeration, 

 G. K. Holmes {Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. and Soc. Sci., 50 {1913), No. 139, pp. 

 48-56).— The author gives a summary of the results and the methods used in 

 his investigation for the U. S. Department of Agriculture of the influence of 

 cold storage on prices. See also previous notes (E. S. R., 28, pp. 871, 872). 



The motor truck as an agency in direct marketing, S. A. Phillips {Ann. 

 Amer. Acad. Polit. and Soc. Sci., 50 {1913), No. 139, pp. 20-34).— The author 

 concludes that the motor truck offers the farmer a wider si>here of activity, a 

 choice of crops, markets, and buyers, lowers the haulage of cost, and will enable 

 him to develop more remote and unproductive lands. 



The Long Island home hamper, H. B. Fullebton {Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. 

 and Soc. Sci., 50 {1913), No. 139, pp. 166-170).— This article narrates the 

 methods used to distribute market garden produce directly from the producer 

 on Long Island to the consumer in New York City. 



The cooperative lamb club as an agency for lower marketing costs, D. H. 

 Doane {Ann. Amer. Acad. Polit. and Soc. Sci., 50 {1913), No. 139, pp. 216-222).— 

 The author states that by forming an association at Goodletsville. Tenn., the 

 farmers were able to grade their lambs better and obtain a considerable advance 

 over what they had been offered previously by local buyers. 



An inquiry into agricultural credit and agricultural cooperation in 

 Germany, J. R. Cahill {London: lid. Agr. and Fisheries, 1913, pp. XXXVI-{- 

 302+226, pis. 2). — Under mortgage (long-term) credit the author describes in 

 detail the land mortgage credit associations (Landschaften), stiite and pro- 

 vincial mortgage credit banks, joint stock mortgage banks, savings banks, credit 

 for land improvement, Prussian provincial aid banks, rent charge banks, and 

 insurance institutions and agricultural credit. 



