FIELD CKOPS. 333 



L._.....,,..._.... 



Ba. Winkler {Jahrh. Wis.^. Bot. [Pringshcim}, 52 {1913), yo. Jf, pp. 467S06, fig. 

 1; ahs. in Riv. Patol. Vcg., 6 (1913), No. 7, p. 22i).— Details and tabulated 

 results are given of experiments on manj^ deciduous and evergreen plants, all of 

 Vv'liicli were able to bear a temperature of — 20° C. in winter. When gradually 

 appfoaclied, a winter temperature of — 30° was borne, the younger evergreen foli- 

 age proving more resistant than the older. In the growing period newly formed 

 buds and foliage of evergreen withstood —3 to —5°. The resting buds, the older 

 assimilating organs, and the wood of evergreens bear in summer temperatures 

 of —8 to — 10^ 



Trees accommodate themselves quickly to low temperatures, the wood of ever- 

 greens exceeding the mature needles and leaves in this respect, and these in turn 

 greatly exceed young leaves and buds, in case of which accommodation extends 

 readily beyond —5° but not to —15°. Leaves of evergreens and twigs of other 

 trees can endure, from 4 to 6 times, if gradually approachetl, temperatures below 

 their ordinary death point. Osmotic pressures and turgor are heightened in 

 cold. 



A bibliography is appended. 



FIELD CROPS. 



[Cost of production of different farm crops at the New Jersey Stations] 

 (New Jersey Stas. Rpt. 1912, pp. 173-193).— In this report the costs of different 

 crops produced on the college farm, as derived from careful records kept of 

 each field, are given. 



The record for timothy hay showed a value per acre of $67.90, an average 

 cost per acre $32.69, and an average cost per ton $9.78. The record for alfalfa 

 showed a value per acre of $49.68, a cost per acre of $5.21, and an average yield 

 per acre of 2.72 tons. For another field the value per acre was $40.73, the 

 cost per acre $8.29, and the yield 2.4 tons. Another field of 9 acres showed 

 an average total cost per acre of $25.76 in seeding it to alfalfa. The record 

 of a crop of oats and peas for forage showed a value per acre of $38.33, a cost 

 per acre of $29.79, and a yield of 2.4 tons. The cost of sowing a cover crop of 

 rye and vetch was $14.54 per acre. Another field of oats and peas showed a 

 value per acre of $26.94, and a cost per acre of $20.70. 



The record of a corn silage crop showed a value per acre of $28.90, a cost 

 per acre of $19.09, and a yield per acre of 6.2 tons. Records of another field 

 showed a crop value of $34.69 per acre, a cost of $19.47 per acre, and a yield 

 of 6.4 tons per acre. The cost of seeding a cover crop of wheat and vetch was 

 given as $3.22 per acre. 



Similar data are also given for other crops, and copy of the record time sheet 

 is presented. 



Twenty- third report of cooperative field experiments, 1911-12, B. R. Lar- 

 SEN ET AL. (Aarshcr. Norgcs Landhr. Hoiskoles AkerveJcstforsOk, 23 (1911-12), 

 pp. 123 +15). — This reix)rt gives the usual accounts of an aggregate of 280 

 variety tests and fertilizer trials conducted during the year at farms in differ- 

 ent parts of Norway under the direction of the Aas Agricultural College (E. S. 

 R., 23, p. 432). The results of the following series of trials are discussed in 

 detail : Twelve years' comparative variety tests of spring grains under different 

 conditions of growth; trials with 3 different amounts of seeds of oats and 

 barley, 1899-1911 ; 8 years' comparisons of sprouted and unsprouted seed pota- 

 toes; and 9 years' comparisons of potato varieties grown on 84 trial farms 

 in different parts of Norway, 1904-1912. 



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