350 EXPEEIMENT STATION EECORD. 



on sugar-beet leaves from Garland, Utah. At the time of their recognition 

 there is said to have been no thought of a possible relationship between the 

 causal organisms, but subsequent studies, which have been extended to cover 

 over four years, have shown that in essential characteristics the bacterial 

 organisms are so nearly identical that they are considered by the authors to be 

 the same species. 



The occurrence and general appearance of the disease on the two host plants 

 are described, and the results of numerous infection experiments are given. 

 The morphological and cultural characters of the organism are presented in 

 detail, and the bacterium held responsible for this disease is described as a new 

 species, the name Bacterium optatum being given it. 



In addition to causing leaf spot disease of sugar beet and nasturtium, the 

 organism was found infectious to bean leaves and pods, lettuce, i>epper, and 

 eggplant. It is considered probable that infection takes place through wounds, 

 or by means of insect injuries, and that it may be spread by insects. 



The organism belongs to the green fluorescent group and differs from B. xan- 

 tJiochlorum, which is pathogenic to the potato, and from Pseudomonas tenuis, 

 which has been described as occuring in the sap of the maple tree (E. S. R., 29, 

 p. 157). It also differs from B. phaseoll, although both organisms produce 

 spotting on the leaves and pods of the bean. 



The rusts of Nova Scotia, W. P. Fkaser (Proc. and Trans. JS^ova Scotian 

 Inst. Sci., 12 (1909-10), Xo. 4, pp. 313-445, figs. 24).— The results are given of 

 field and microscopic studies of the rusts of Nova Scotia, about 100 species being 

 described. Particular attention is paid to the economic aspect of the different 

 rusts, their heteroecism, etc. A bibliography is included. 



Internal aecia, F. A. Wolf (Mijcologia, 5 {1913), A-o. 6, pp. 303, 304, P^- D-— 

 The author describes internal secidia of Puccinia angustata, which, while 

 common, are not considered the normal fructifications in this plant. 



On the temporary suspension of vitality in the fruit bodies of certain 

 Hymenomycetes, A. H. R. Bulleb and A. T. Cameron (Proc. and Trans. Roy. 

 Soc. Canada, 3. ser., 6 {1912), Sect. IV, pp. 75-7S).— Studies carried out since 

 the publication by Buller of his Researches on Fungi (E. S. R., 22, p. 542), 

 are said to show that dried fruit bodies of Dwdaica unicolor, exposed in dark- 

 ness to air at room temperatures, can retain their vitality for at least 7^ years, 

 and those of Schizophyllum commune under similar circumstances for at least 

 5 years and 7 months; that the latter under similar conditions, except that 

 they were thoroughly dried and kept at a pressure in this instance of less 

 than 0.1 mm. of mercury, retained vitality for more than 16^ months; and 

 that in general as regards retention of vitality when dried, exposed to ordi- 

 nary air, or kept in vacuo, the fruit bodies of certain Hymenomycetes resem- 

 bled in behavior the seeds of higher plants and the spores of molds. 



Upon the retention of vitality by dried fruit bodies of certain Hymeno- 

 mycetes, including an account of an experiment with liquid air, A. H. R. 

 Bulleb {Brit. Mijcol. Soc. Trans., 4 {1912), pt. 1, pp. 106-112) .—Brienj review- 

 ing the above work, the author adds an account of later experiments by 

 himself, in which it was found that fruit bodies of SchizophyUum commune, 

 after having been kept dry in exposure to air for 2 years and 8 months and 

 subsequently dried in a vacuum and subjected to the temperature of liquid 

 air for 3 weeks, retained their vitality. From this he concludes that there 

 must be in this instance a temporary suspension of vitality, as claimed In case 

 of seeds and spores studied by Becquerel (E. S. R.. 21, p. 726: 23, p. 721). 



Recent studies on parasitism of Gnomonia veneta on Platanus, A. Tonelli 

 (Riv.'Agr. [Parmal, 19 {1913), ^^os. 40, pp. 626-629, fig. 1; 4I, pp. 643-645).— 

 As .a result of studies and observations briefly noted, the author concludes 



