DAIRY FARMING DAIRYTN-G. 375 



A couple of weeks generally intervene between the act of spawning and the act 

 of " setting " of the spat, and spatting occupies but a few hours. 



In experiments in coating tiles with various preparations to determine the 

 effect of spatting it was found that copper paint and glaze were the poorest sur- 

 faces, while ordinary- paint, gelatin, and linseed oil made a g'J<xl showing. The 

 best surface was the unglazed natural surface of the tile. In oyster shells 

 coated with plaster no advantage was evident over those uncoated, while in 

 clam shells the spat preferred the plaster coated. 



A brief discussion is included on the floating of oysters (E. S. R., 27, p. 762). 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Report of the dairy husbandman, A. S. Cook {Xcw Jersey Stas. Rpt. 1912, 

 pp. 159-172, 193-202, pis. 4).— Two lots of 2 cows each were fed for 30-day 

 periods by the reversal system (15 days intervening between periods) on the 

 following rations: Lot 1, corn and cob meal, and lot 2, corn meal, in addition to 

 the regular basal ration composed of alfalfa hay, silage, corn stover, and cot- 

 ton-seed meal. It is estimated that lot 1 received a daily ration of 22.45 lbs. 

 dry matter, 1.596 lbs. protein, and 13.216 energy therms; lot 2, 22.67 lbs. dry 

 matter, 1.666 lbs. protein, and 13.734 energy therms. For the entire period 

 there was an increase of 90.2 lbs. of milk and 2.76 lbs. of milk fat in the corn 

 meal ration. The cost of feed was 16.7 per cent greater in the case of the corn 

 meal ration, and the corn and cob meal ration gave $2.62 more profit than the 

 corn meal ration or an increase of 17.5 per cent. 



In comparing the efficiency of the different types of milk pails in the pro- 

 duction of milk with a low bacteria count, the results with the Sterilac type 

 showed 4,210 bacteria per cubic centimeter, the covered pail 5,375, the Gurler 

 pail 7,240, the Sanitary pail 14,431, and the open pail 54,630. 



Records are given of the station dairy herd in which it was found that the 

 average milk production was 7,308.5 lbs., containing 278 lbs. of fat The aver- 

 age net returns per dollar expended for feed, when roughage was figured at the 

 cost of production, and milk at 5 cts. per quart was $2.83, and when figured at 

 the market price $1.98. The total cost per quart of milk in the former case 

 was 3.1 cts., and in the latter, 3.89 cts. The value of home-grown feed upon eco- 

 nomical production is emphasized. 



The "■ Panello Zuccherino " (sugar cake) in the feeding of dairy cows, 

 A. CuGNiNi (Ann. 1st. Agr. [mian'\, 10 {1910-11), pp. 25-40, pis. 2; ahs. in 

 Internat. Inst. Agr. [Rome], Bid. Bur. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 3 {1912), 

 Xo. 11, pp. 2 J/ 82-2 .'f 86). — A report of feeding trials with a sugar cake made up 

 of grape pomace meal, mixed with dry residues from the distillation of cereals 

 and molasses, and containing approximately 14.34 per cent protein, 4.10 per 

 cent fat, and 35 per cent nitrogen-free extract. Dairy cattle relished the feed 

 and did well upon it. 



Influence of the extracts of organs on milk secretion, L. GiuSTi {Rev. 

 Zoot^c, 5 {1913), No. 49, pp. 6-11).— The conclusions of the author are (1) that 

 the extracts of organs which when injected into the body stimulate milk secre- 

 tion are those of the hypophysis, corpus luteum, parotid, mammary glands, 

 spleen, lymphatic glands, thyroids, thymus, fetus, and uterus; (2) that those 

 which have no apparent effect are from the stomach, intestines, lungs, placenta, 

 vagina, brain, heart, liver, kidneys, pancreas, suprarenal bodies, and testicles; 

 (3) that the action is temporary and diminishes on reinjection; (4) that the 

 results are noted when the organs are macerated or a decoction made from 

 them; (5) that the extract of the organ possessing the greatest and most mani- 

 fest action is that of the hypophysis; and (6) that the influence of the extract 



