RURAL ENGINEERING. 485 



Epizootic encephalomyelitis in the horse, J. M. Quevedo (Rev. Zoot^c, 

 4 {1912), \o. 39, pp. 163, 164; ahs. in Vrt. Rec, 25 (1918), No. 1283, p. 487).— 

 The author reports studies of an epizootic affection among horses caused by 

 the feeding of moldy corn, which has resulted in the loss of numerous animals 

 during the past two years. Injections of cultures of AsperfjiUus maydifi into 

 the rabbit, goat, and calf produced symptoms and lesions similar to those 

 observed in the horse. 



Some aspects of mange in horses, A. W. N. Fillers (Vet. Rec, 26 (1013), 

 No. 1326, pp. 356-362, pis. 2).— A summarized account which deals with the 

 subject under the headings of (1) the position of the mange mites in nature 

 and their synonymy; (2) the characteristics of the various genera; (3) a 

 rough outline of their life histories; (4) their vitality; (5) the degree of 

 parasitism; (6) seasonal occurrence; (7) parts affected; (8) diagnosis; and 

 (9) principles of treatment. 



A new means of transmitting the fowl nematode, Heterakis perspicillum, 

 J. W. Scott (Science, n. ser., 38 (1913), No. 984, m>- 672, 673).— In feeding 

 experiments conducted at the Kansas Experiment Station, the author has found 

 that this nematode may be transmitted to young chicks by a dung earthworm, 

 probably Helodrilus parvus, which is found in horse manure. Three chicks to 

 which were fed a total of 78, 64, and 53 worms, respectively, between July 17 

 and 29, were killed on September 5. and 20 adult nematodes were found in 

 the first, 6 in the second, and 2 in the third. Eight chicks used as checks were 

 found to be free from the worms. Thus it appears that Helodrilus may In 

 some way serve as an intermediate host for this nematode, but it remains to 

 be determined whether the earthworm is a true intermediate host, or if the 

 eggs of Heterakis simply cling to the slimy surface of the earthworm and are 

 transmitted in this way. 



RUBAL ENGINEERING. 



The selection and installation of a small pumping plant for irrigation, 

 B. A. Etcheveeey (Engin. and Contract., 40 (1913), No. 19, pp. 522-527).— The 

 author discusses as interdependent factors upon which the proper selection of 

 a pumping plant depends (1) the source of water supply, (2) capacity of plant 

 and period of operation, (3) kind of pump, (4) class of engine or driving 

 power, (5) first cost, (6) fuel cost, and (7) the cost of fixed charges and 

 attendance. 



Several tables of data are given showing capacities and eflSciencies of differ- 

 ent types of pumps and pumping plants, the power required to operate pumps, 

 and the costs of pumping with different kinds of power at different lifts. It is 

 shown that the cost per acre of pumping is much larger for a small area than 

 for a large area, but it does not vary materially with the period of operation. 

 In some cases a plant moderately large operated for a shorter period will cost 

 less per acre than a smaller plant operated a longer period, due to the lower 

 fuel cost with the larger and more efficient plant and the decreased cost of 

 attendance for the shorter period of operation, which overbalance the larger 

 fixed charges. 



Some of the advantages of underground pumped water as compared to water 

 obtained from the gravity Irrigation system are stated as follows: The under- 

 ground supply is more reliable and is not likely to be deficient before the end 

 of the irrigation season. The irrigator is independent and controls his own 

 water supply and is prepared to irtigate his crop at the best time. Under- 

 ground water is also free from the seeds of weeds. 



