582 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



bull, no changes were noted either in the liver or the portal lymph glands, but 

 the mesenteric glands were enlarged and contained cheesy foci while the bron- 

 chial and mediastinal lymph nodes showed encapsulated areas. No other 

 changes were manifest. 



Ten bovines and 4 goats were artificially infected and the biles of these 

 were examined. Only a slight tuberculosis was induced in some of these ani- 

 mals, and in almost every case the bile when given to guinea pigs failed to 

 produce tuberculosis. Six bovines were given subcutaneous and intrapleural 

 injections and 4 bovines and 4 goats Intravenous injections. One of the 4 

 bovines slaughtered 7 days after infection showed no lesions, and subcutaneous 

 injections of emulsions of the kneefold and popliteal lymphatic glands, kidneys, 

 muscles, and blood from this animal into guinea pigs did not produce the 

 disease. A piece of the popliteal lymphatic glands, however, placed under the 

 skin of a guinea pig produced tuberculosis in that animal. Of the other 3 

 animals 2 showed miliary tuberculosis with no tubercle bacilli in the blood, 

 but 1 of the 2 had tuberculosis of the portal lymph glands. 



In the 4 goats bovine tuberculosis was produced and after slaughter the 

 organs and blood from the animals were found to be very virulent. The livers, 

 on the other hand, were not affected. The authors conclude that infection by 

 way of the blood stream with regard to the elimination of tubercle bacilli 

 with the bile has not the importance which is usually attached thereto. This 

 coincides with the views of Joest and Emshoff. Liver tuberculosis, however, 

 should be considered when measures of control against the disease are enforced. 

 In most cases pulmonary tuberculosis is present at the same time with liver 

 tuberculosis. 



About the experim.ental production of tubercular antibodies in the bovine, 

 and a contribution to immunization ag-ainst tuberculosis, E. Rothe and 

 K. BiERBAUM (Berlin. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 29 {1913), No. 19, pp. S^ISU}-— 

 The purpose of this work, w^hich was begun in 1909, was to devise a method 

 whereby tubercular antibodies could be produced in the bovine in large amounts 

 find in a very short time, and, furthermore, to determine if the antibodies pro- 

 duced had protective and curative qualities. The sera obtained in the tests 

 were examined with the complement fixation and precipitation methods. 



The results show that by a single intravenous injection of bovines (tuber- 

 cular animals, nontubercular animals, animals hypersensitive toward tuber- 

 culin, and nonhypersensitive animals) with dead intact bacilli in doses of 

 from 30 to 50 mg., it was possible to produce in the serum a large number of 

 specific complement-fixing amboceptors and precipitins. The formation of ex- 

 perimentally produced complement-fixing amboceptors and precipitins was 

 found not always to run parallel in bovines and horses. 



By the repeated intravenous treatment with dead bacilli it was possible in 

 bovines to produce a marked protection against a later infection with living, 

 fully virulent bovine tubercle bacilli. Sera w^hich are rich in complement- 

 fixing amboceptors and precipitins also seem to have some influence on viru- 

 lent tubercle bacilli, because after a long contact with them they appear to 

 diminish the virulence of these organisms. The rise in temperature produced 

 as a result of injecting the organisms has no diagnostic significance. The sera 

 containing many tubercular antibodies can eventually be used as an indicator 

 for the strength of various tuberculins. 



Tuberculosis and pearl disease, A. Bessereb (Festschrift 84- Versamml. 

 Dent. Naturf. u. Arzte von dcr Med. Natunv. Gesell. Miinster, 1912, pp. 388- 

 ^04). — Cultures were obtained from 23 human tuberculous patients. The 

 majority of these were cases of pulmonary tuberculosis, while the remainder 

 consisted of cervical, intestinal, kidney, and brain tuberculosis. The cultures 



