586 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



those with the filtrate of virulent salt solution, 12.37 days; and those with 

 urine, 13.54 days. The author has been unable to attenuate the hog cholera 

 virus in either blood or salt solution so as to produce a successful vaccine. He 

 states that virulent salt solution obtained from hogs fatally sick with hog 

 cholera 3 hours after a physiological salt solution has been injected into the 

 abdominal cavity at the rate of 10 to 20 cc. per pound of body weight is now 

 being made use of in the production of hyperimmunes by the intramuscular 

 method. 



Cholera vaccination and carcass values, O. W. Johnson {Breeder's Gaz., 

 65 (1914), No. 2, p. 60). — The author presents evidence to show that some of 

 the hog cholera serum which has been used in Iowa contains pyogenic or- 

 ganisms. In certain herds given special care during the treatment nearly all 

 the hogs had abscesses form, while in other herds in which less care was taken, 

 the hogs have been nearly free from abscess formation. 



Suptol in acute swine plague, Weldes (Miinchen. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 56 

 {1912), No. 24, pp. 425-427; abs. in Berlin. Tierdrztl. Wchnschr., 29 (1913), No. 

 24, PP' 4^8). — In one barn hogs were given curative treatment for acute swine 

 plague and with satisfactory results. With 100 hogs, which had the chronic 

 form of the disease, partly good and partly unsatisfactory results were ob- 

 tained. 



Studies on the etiology of epizootic abortion in mares, K. F. Meyer and 

 F. BoERNER {Jour. Med. Research, 29 {1913), No. 2, pp. 325-366, pis. 2).— "In 

 an outbreak of epizootic abortion in mares in Pennsylvania it was proved by 

 our investigations that the causative agent was a bacillus belonging to the sub- 

 group of the paratyphoid-enteritidis group. For this bacillus we propose the 

 name Bacillus ahortus equi. B. ahortus equi fulfils all the requirements of the 

 organism belonging in the paratyphoid B group, but the growth on the slanted 

 agar being membraneous, dry, and brittle, and there being a considerable 

 amount of gas production in dulcite, these can be used for differentiation. 

 B. ahortus equi is agglutinated by a paratyphosus B, or enteritidis (Gaertner) 

 serum, only in low dilutions. 



" With cultures of the organism, abortion could be produced by the subcuta- 

 neous, intravenous, intravaginal, and alimentary infection in a pregnant cow, 

 goat, sow, and small animals like guinea pigs and rabbits. The average incu- 

 bation time was 15 days. B. ahortus equi is pathogenic for guinea pigs, rab- 

 bits, mice, rats, and pigeons. The anatomical lesions are similar to those seen 

 in paratyphoid infections. Rabbits are more susceptible to the infection than 

 guinea pigs. Agglutination and complement fixation are suitable methods for 

 determining the existence of an infection by B. abortus equi. Further investi- 

 gations are necessary to prove the existing theories of natural infection." 



A bibliography of 16 titles is appended. 



Blackhead of turkeys, H. J. Wheeler {Rhode Island Sta. Rpt. 1912, pp. 

 205-209). — The author reports that studies of the past 2 years under the 

 direction of P. B. Hadley have demonstrated conclusively that blackhead of 

 turkeys is a pathological condition related etiologically to at least 2 species of 

 protozoan parasites, namely, Eimeria avium and a flagellated organism still 

 unknown except in a few stages of its development. A large number of ex- 

 periments show that it is practically impossible in Rhode Island for young 

 turkeys to escape the blackhead parasites. Work carried on with intestinal 

 antiseptics, chiefly with Formidine and Resor-bisnol, has thus far given rather 

 unfavorable results. While post-mortem examinations indicate that Formidine 

 serves to reduce the severity of the cecal lesions, it does not appear to have 

 favorably modified the lesions of the li^■e^ which may be present without any 

 pathological condition of the ceca. 



