ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 567 



fed to cattle in addition to the normal ration, especially where this is sufficient 

 and well balanced. 



Rations for fattening cattle, store cattle, milch cows, and sheep, both includ- 

 ing roots and without roots, are suggested. 



Feeding- experiments (Mitt. Kaiser Wilhclms Inst. Lnndw. Bromherg, 6 

 (1913), No. 1, pp. 29, 30).—Tvfo lots of 9 steers each were fed 14 weeks on 

 chopped straw, meadow hay, potatoes, rye bran, and cotton-seed meal, each 

 lot receiving a starch value equivalent of 14 kg. per day. Lot 1 received 2.5 kg. 

 of digestible protein, lot 2 1.8 kg. During this period lot 1 made an average 

 daily gain of 0.86 kg. per head, and lot 2 0.83 kg. 



Two lots each of fifteen 50 kg. pigs were fed 70 days on steamed potatoes, 

 barley meal, and meat meal, both lots receiving the same starch value equiva- 

 lent. Lot 1 received a digestible protein allowance ranging from 4.5 kg. to 3 

 kg. per day; lot 2, 3.5 to 2.5 kg. Lot 1 made an average daily gain of 0.58 

 kg. per head, lot 2 0.45 kg. 



The importance of food accessories as shown by rat-feeding experiments, 

 F. C. Cook {Ahs. in ^Science, n. set\, 3S (1913), Xo. 98Jf, p. 675).— " Most of the 

 12 white rats fed on a basal diet of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and salts for 

 80 days lost weight during the last 3 weeks. For 35 days immediately fol- 

 lowing, 5 cc. of meat extract, plant extract solution, or milk were alternately 

 added to the basal diet, the nitrogen and sodium chlorids being equal. Milk 

 and meat extract stimulated growth, plant extract showed little stimulating 

 power. Eleven young white rats fed for 35 days on the basal diet, plus one of 

 the 3 accessories, showed similar results. Milk, also meat extract, gave the 

 biuret reaction and precipitates with phosphotnngstic acid. Plant extract gave 

 neither. Meat extract is a hydrolyzed product practically free from fat and 

 carbohydrates. The rats gained more on a smaller number of calories when 

 milk or meat extract was ingested than when fed on the basal diet alone." 



Germany's meat supply, R. P. Skinner (Daily Cons, and Trade Rpts. 

 [U. S.], 16 (1913), No. 297, pp. 1388, 1389).— It is reported that there is a 

 general increase in the cost of meat in Germany, with an accompanying de- 

 crease in number of animals slaughtered. The ravages of foot-and-mouth dis- 

 ease account in part for this condition. 



Statistics are included giving the wholesale prices of cattle and meat for 

 1910-1913, the number of domestic animals in Germany, the number of slaugh- 

 tered animals, and the number of cases of foot-and-mouth disease. 



Utilization of entrails of cattle, sheep, and horses in slaughterhouse 

 practice, A. Lhoste (Hyg. Viande et Lait, 7 (1913), No. 12, pp. 583-589). — A 

 description of French methods of cleaning, scouring, desiccating, sulphuring, 

 and further preparation of cattle, sheep, and horse entrails for commercial use. 



The cattle of Brazil, L. MissoN (Vie Agr. et Rurale, 2 (1913), No. 50, pp. 

 625-^33, figs. 6). — A description of the native breeds of cattle of Brazil, with 

 comments on the comparative value of crossing with the Holstein, Flemish, 

 Limousine, and other European breeds. The Limousine has proved especially 

 valuable in crossing for beef production and dual purpose cattle, while the 

 Flemish and Holstein are apparently best suited for milk. 



Organization for the breeding of Swiss spotted cattle, J. Kappeli and G. 

 LtJTHY (Ann. Agr. Suisse, 14 (1913), No. 3, pp. 219-253). — This includes a 

 history of the Swiss spotted red breed of cattle and comments on herd book 

 organization and membership, distribution, and utility value of this breed, and 

 of the exportations to other countries. 



Crossing the cattle of Tunis and the zebu, Roedkber (Jour. Agr. I' rat., n. 

 ser., 26 (1913), No. 39, pp. Jf04-406) .—It is stated that the crossing of the zebu 



