DISEASES OF PLANTS. 751 



Java; and several leaf diseases, each associated with Coremium sp., Ccrcospora 

 coffcicola, MycosphcDrella coffcw, PhyUofiticta coffeicola, or Leptosphcpria sp. 



Some cases of parasitism by higher phmts aud by animals are also noted. 



Forest tree diseases common in California and Nevada, E. P. Meinecke 

 {U. 8. Dcpt. Agr., Forest Serv., Forest Tree Diseases Common in California and 

 Nevada (1914), pp. 67, pis. 24). — This manual, designed for practical use in the 

 field, discusses some of the more important tree diseases found in California and 

 parts of Nevada, although many of them are common in other forest regions. 

 Its aim is to enable the field man to determine the cause of the commoner dis- 

 eases and injuries and to understand their effect on the living tree. It dis- 

 cusses also ways and means of control of fungi and mistletoes, as well as 

 climatic, biological, and soil conditions which contribute to diseases in forest 

 trees. 



Primitive characters recalled by the chestnut bark disease and other 

 stimuli, I. W. Bailey and J. S. Am?:s (Ahs. in Science, n. ser., SO (JOlJf), No. 

 099, p. 290). — The authors report that the common American chestnut, when 

 attacked by the chestnut bark disease (Endothia parasitica), frequently pro- 

 duces leaves that closely resemble those of the /ed oak (Quercus rubra). This 

 reversion is not confined entirely to external characters, for the wood for'^icd 

 by the diseased cambium possesses anatomical structures which are a charac- 

 istic feature of the genus Quercus. 



Aerial galls of the mesquite, F. D. Heald {Mycolooia, 6 (1914), No. 1, pp. 

 87, 3S, fig. 1). — In this brief account of 40 inoculations of mesquite with 

 cultures of Bacterium tumcfacicns, the author states that 10 per cent resulted 

 in pro<luction of galls of various sizes and forms described, while the controls 

 showeil no abnormal growth in any case. This is suspected to have a bearing 

 upon the origin of the aerial galls common on i xsquite throughout the south- 

 west. 



Bacteriosis of oleander, A. Tonelli (Ann. R. Accad. Agr. Torino, .55 (1912), 

 pp. 3S3-400, fig. 1). — The author gives a more detailed account of his investi- 

 gations on this disease, previously noted (E. S. R., 29, p. 156), and shows 

 that it is caused by Bacillus savastanoi and that the infection is carried to a 

 considerable degree by various insects. 



For the control of the disease cutting out the cankers, making the cuts 5 or 

 6 in. below the diseased area and covering the wounds with some fungicide, are 

 recommended. Attention also should be paid to the insect pests by which the 

 disease is spread. 



A die-back disease of Douglas spruce produced by a variety of Sphaeropsis 

 elUsii, L. Petri (Ann. Mycoh, 11 (1913), No. 3, pp. 278-280, figs. 3; ahs. in 

 Jntcrnat. Inst. Agr. [Rojne], Mo. Bui. Agr. Intel, and Plant Diseases, 4 (1913), 

 No. 10, p. 1660). — The author reports a study made on a die-back disease of 

 Pscudotsuga douglasii 5 to 7 years old growing in sandy soil at an elevation 

 of 1,000 ft. in Tuscany. The fungus is claimed to be a variety of /S. eUisii. 

 The susceptibility of the trees attacked is considered to be due to the excessive 

 moisture, insufllcient light, and low temperature in this location, as trees nearby, 

 but more favorably situated in these respects, were perfectly healthy. It is 

 suggested that the fungus was spread from Pinns sylrcstris in the neighborhood. 



Spread of infection was prevented by spraying with 1 per cent Bordeaux 

 mixture. 



The parasitism of Gnomonia veneta on the sycamore, A. Tonelli (Ann. R. 

 Accad. Agr. Torino, 5.5 (1912), pp. 4OI-414, figs. 2).— This article in a briefer 

 form has been previously noted (E. S. R., 30, p. 350). 



