692 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



products; value of all crops and principal classes thereof, and acreage and 

 production of all crops; and selected farm expenses and receipts. The farms 

 are also classified by sizes with their acreage and number of live stock. Data 

 also are given showing farms and acreage irrigated; irrigation works; cost 

 of construction, operation, and maintenance; crops irrigated — acreage, produc- 

 tion and value; and acreage irrigated and irrigation enterprises by States. 



For the principal items data from the previous census are given for com- 

 parative purposes. The more important facts are illustrated by diagrams and 

 maps. 



Agriculture, 1909 and 1910. — VII, Reports by States, with statistics for 

 counties (Nebraska- Wyoming) (Thirteenth Census V. 8., 7 {1910), pp. 1013, 

 figs 61). — This volume completes the report previously noted (E. S. R., 29, p. 88). 



Only 27 per cent of tillable land under cultivation (U. S. Dept. Agr., Weekly 

 -Nfws Letter, 1 (1914), No. 25, pp. 2, 3).— It is estimated that of the 1,900,000,000 

 acres of land in the United States 1,140,000,000 are capable of cultivation, 

 361,000,000 acres are nontillable but valuable for pasture and fruit, and 

 899,000,000 acres are of no agricultural value. According to the census of 

 1909, only 311,000,000 acres were in crops. It is stated that the extension of 

 the tillable area will be at greater expense for clearing, drainage, irrigation, 

 etc., and that the increased production of the future will be the result of in- 

 creased yields per acre as well as the extension of the tillable area. 



Agriculture in other lands, A. J. Perkins (Adelaide, So. Aust., 1912, pp. 

 123, figs. 26). — This pamphlet gives a description of agricultural conditions, 

 utensils, live stock, special crops, and systems of cultivation as noted by the 

 author in his travels through Egypt, Greece, Turkey in Asia, Great Britain, 

 France, Spain, and Tunis. 



Agricultural and live stock statistics of Finland (Statis. Arshok Finland^ 

 n. ser., 10 (1912), pp. 101-124). — This is the annual report of Finland giving by 

 governments statistics of acreage, production, and consumption of the princi- 

 pal farm crops for 1910, the butter and cheese manufacture and trade for 

 1907-1910, and the number of domestic animals for 1910. Comparative data 

 are given for Finland as a whole beginning with 1878. 



Rural population of Finla,nd (Statis. Arsbok Finland, n. ser., 10 (1912), p. 

 7). — In 1800 the population of the rural communities was 786,055; in 1850, 

 1,531,419; in 1900, 2,372,949; and in 1910, 2.658.324, forming 94.4,' 93.6, 87.5, 

 and 85.3 per cent, respectively, of the total population. Prior to 1904 there was 

 an excess of females but since that date males have predominated. 



The production, consumption, and price of wheat, P. Leroy-Beatjlieu (Econ. 

 Franc, 41 (1913), II, Nos. 36, pp. 341-343; 38, pp. 415-417; 40, pp. 484-486).— 

 The author states that although the production of wheat between 1880 and 1910 

 increased 66 per cent the population increased only 30 per cent. The failure 

 of the wheat production to keep pace with the incrense in population in Ger- 

 many, Belgium, France, Great Britain, Italy, Netherlands, and Switzerland 

 has caused their average annual imports to increase from 71,000,000 to 

 127,000,000 quintals between 1881-1885 and 1906-1910. He also discusses the 

 wheat situation in the principal exporting countries and the possibilities of 

 increasing their production to meet tlie future demands. 



The economic signifi.cance of large and small establishments in agricul- 

 ture, E. Keup and R. Muhrer (Die YolkswirtscJiaftliche Bedeutung von G-ross- 

 und Kleinltetriel) in der Landivirtsclmft. Berlin, 1913, pp. XXXI +414). — This 

 report gives in detail the methods employed in studying the effect of intensive 

 agricultural settlement in the eastern part of Prussia, and points out that 

 there has been a marked increase in both cereal and live stock production and 

 in the revenue from crops per acre. 



