DISEASES OF PLANTS. 651 



It Is thought that this amount of loss could have beeu appreciably reduced had 

 the sprayinfrs been made earlier in the season. 



Physalospora cydoniae, L. R. IIesler (Phytopathology, 3 (1913), No. 6, pp. 

 290-295, pi. 1, figs. 2).— In connection with sturlies on the New York apple tree 

 canker (Sphccropais malonim), attempts have beeu made to determine the para- 

 sitism of the fungus, its identity, the possibility of the existence of different 

 strains, and the question of its perfect stage. In the present paper the results 

 of an investigation on the perfect stage of the fungus are given. 



Until 1913 unsuccessful efforts have been made to determine the ascogenous 

 form of the fungus. In Februai-y some diseased apple twigs were received at 

 the laboratory at Cornell University which later developed the immature 

 ascomycete forms. Subsequent investigations have shown that the ascogenous 

 form is a species of Thysalospora, and with the data at hand the author is 

 inclined to accept for it the name P. cydoniw. 



Rust of apple, N. J. Giuuings (W. Va. Crop Pest Com. Bui. 2 (1913), pp. 

 7-11, fig. i).— This is a brief account of the life history of apple rust, with a 

 discussion of the resistance shown by certain varieties thereto and protective 

 measures studied, emi)hasizing the destruction of all cedars within a mile or so 

 of apple orchards. 



Note on Plowrig-htia morbosa, T. H. Macbride (Phytopathology, S (1913), 

 No. 6, pp. 311, 312). — The author reports the black knot fungus as universally 

 present in Iowa on all sorts of wild plums but not on Prunus virginiana or 

 /*. perms ylvanica. Recently observations have shown that it also attacks the 

 .Tnneberry (Amclanchier canadensis). 



A severe outbreak of apoplexy of grapevines, Fischer (Bcr. K. Lchranst. 

 Wein, Ohst u. Gartenhau Geisenheim, 1912, pp. 216-219, figs. 2). — Discussing 

 the spatial and other relations of grape stocks previously affected in various 

 degrees, the author states that no stocks planted in 1912 suffered from this leaf 

 scorch disease. 



Court-noue in Austria, Kobf:r (Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. VEst-Centre), 34 

 (1913), No. 51, pp. 779-781).— The author gives some results of observations 

 on court-nou§ in Lower Austria made during 16 years, as related to stock, ele- 

 vation, temperature, soil, etc. Along with more specific statements regarding 

 the susceptibility of certain stocks or hj'brids, the general conclusion is drawn 

 that this trouble is more common in level vineyards of deep fresh soil, and par- 

 ticularly in those years in which circulation in the vines is checked by cold 

 weather during the spring months. 



Treatment for gray rot of grapes, A. Moruchon (Prog. Agr. et Vit. (Ed. 

 VEst-Centre), 34 (1913), No. 51, pp. 77(J-77P).— This is a comparative study of 

 the effects, when used in varying concentrations, of several common fungicides 

 as protective against Sclerotinia fiickeliana (Botrytis cinerea), causing gray 

 rot of grapes. 



A destructive form of white rot of grapevines, A. T£ni:s (Bui. Agr. Algetic 

 et Tunisie, 19 (1913), No. 17, pp. 341, 5^2).— The occurrence of a disease affect- 

 ing the petioles and peduncles is noted. The fungus associated therewith is 

 said to be a Phoma. 



Tests with powdered fungicides against Peronospora and Oidium, Fischer 

 (Ber. K. Lehranst. Wein, Obst u. Gartenhau Geisenheim, 1912, pp. 18, 19). — 

 Three commercial preparations named are recommended, which are said to 

 prove efficient without causing injury. 



The possibility of reaching the underside of grape leaves with sprays, 

 Fischer (Ber. K. Lehratist. Wein, Obst u. Gartenbau Geisenheim, 1912 pp. 

 15-18, fig. 1). — Illustrated descriptions are given of several forms of nozzles 



