ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 655 



past 2 or 3 years and many more have been injured, the hickory barli beetle 

 or bark borer (Scolytus quadri.'ipinosus) being the chief cause. Many thou- 

 sands of trees are said to have been killed in the vicinity of New York City 

 and In Connecticut, particularly in Fairfield County. It is pointed out that 

 since badly infested trees can not recover they should be cut between October 

 1 and May 1 and burned, as should dead branches and tops of living trees. 



The pear midge (Contarinia [Diplosis] pyrivora), which infested fruit at 

 Cannon Station. Mystic, and Watertown, causing the young pears to drop 

 freely, is briefly considered. The West Indian pejicli scale (Aiihicaspis penta- 

 gona) was discovered in Greenwich, Conn., on Chinese privet {Lirjustrum ibota), 

 this being the first record of its occurrence in Connecticut, though collected on 

 different species of Prunus at Jamaica Plain, Mass., 15 years previously. 



A detailed report of mosquito work (pp. 242-240) in Connecticut in 1913 la 

 followed by a brief discussion of the entomological features of the year, and 

 miscellaneous insect notes. Under the latter heading mention is made of the 

 dying oak trees, flight of spruce bud moth (Tortrix fumiferana), parsley stnlk 

 weevil (Listronoius latiusculus) taken in parsley brought from a vegetable 

 farm in New Haven, the occurrence, in Connecticut of the cottony maple scale. 

 Omphalocera dentosa which was the source of more damage in 1913 than in 

 any preceding year, the eggs of Hemerocampa definita and their resemblance 

 to gipsy moth eggs, cocoons of the Promethea moth {CaUosamia promethea), 

 the subsidence of the San Jos6 scale, galls which occurred on gooseberry, the 

 cause of which has not been determined, abundance of spittle insects, pupa 

 cells of the clover weevil {Phytonomus punctatus), the birch leaf skeletonizer 

 {Bucculatrix canadcnsiseUa) which having subsided since 1910 is again ap- 

 parent, the elm leaf beetle (Galenicella luteola), the poplar sawfly {Trichi- 

 ocampus viminalis) which for several years has been common on Carolina 

 poplars in the vicinity of the station, the linden borer (Saperda vestita) which 

 was rather common on young linden trees in one nursery, and the tarnished 

 plant bug which was unusually abundant. 



[Report of the] department of entomology, E. S. Tucker (Louisiana Stas. 

 Rpt. 1912, pp. 17-20). — A brief statement is given of the progress made in 

 studies of the principal insect enemies of stored rice and their control. 



Collections of rice at New Orleans, Donaldsville, and Crowley have shown 

 aa many as 16 species to be implicated in rice infestation. Among the more 

 important of these are the rice weevil, which prefers milled rice, either whole 

 or cracked but also occurs in unhulled grain; the lesser grain borer (Rhizo- 

 pertha dominica), which is the source of the most damage to the rough grain; 

 the Angoumois grain moth, which prefers the rough grain; the cadelle, which 

 does not appear to injure the whole grain but lives in the ground products; 

 and the rust-red flour beetle {Tribolium navale), which seems to depend upon 

 crushed or powdered products in which to breed. The cadelle shows a tendency 

 to prey on the more destructive pests and individuals will even devour one 

 another. 



Fumigation experiments with carbon bisulphid. hydrocyanic acid gas, and 

 sulphur have shown that the penetration into bags of rice was insufficient to 

 kill insects buried deeply in the grain. Heating rice to a temperature of 

 120° F. killed all insects but caused the grain to fracture and had to be aban- 

 doned. The placing of rice in cold storage through the warm months of the 

 year was found to be an effective means of protecting rice from insects, but 

 due to the expense only the choice grades have been kept in this manner. 



In a 14 months' test of several grades of bagging it was found that rice kept 

 in a bag made of fine drilling was slightly infested and damaged ; in one made 

 of 8-oz. duck scarcely an insect was found, or evidence of one among its con- 

 41074°— No. 7—14 5 



