VETERINARY MEDICINE. 681 



here attributed to groups in one protein molecule might be caused by individual 

 proteins contained in the preparations made by the methods now in use. 



"These experiments demonstrate that the 'group reactions,' characteristic of 

 biological reactions between closely related species which usually have been in- 

 terpreted as indicating the presence in related organisms of identical as well 

 as distinct proteins, can really be exhibited by single isolated proteins from 

 related organisms. In other words, biological relationship and chemical rela- 

 tionship seem to be much the same. 



"Attention is also called to certain other observations: (a) That animals 

 sensitized with two proteins will, as is well known, react with either, and that 

 after recovery from reaction with one protein the reaction given with the sec- 

 ond protein is less severe than it would be if the animal had not already passed 

 through an anaphylactic intoxication; (b) that after injection with an in- 

 toxicating dose of a vegetable protein, another injection with the same protein 

 24 to 72 hours later, when the animal is usually insusceptible, so far as con- 

 stitutional symptoms are concerned, often produces a severe, transient peri- 

 toneal irritation, which seems to be in the nature of a specific local reaction." 



The milk-rennet inhibition test, K. Pallmann (Die Milch-LahJiemmprobe. 

 Inaug. Diss., Tierlirztl. Hochsch. Stuttgart, 1912; abs. in Berlin. Tierdrztl. 

 Wchnschr., 29 (191S), No. 22, p. .//05 ) .—Normal milks, milk from individual 

 cows, and mixed milks show an inhibition or rennet action in dilutions from 

 1:1,000 to 1:1,500; most milks, however, coagulate at high dilutions. Varia- 

 tions between 1 : 1.000 and 1 : 4,000 occur. With colostrum the coagulating 

 power is only strongly increased up to the third or fourth day post partum. 

 After this period it returns to the point where the coagulating power resembles 

 that of normal milk. On this account the test can not be relied upon as an 

 indicator of a newly lactating animal. The milk from animals in the later 

 stages of lactation almost always shows a diminished coagulating power. 



A marked diminution or absolute loss in coagulating power is present in 

 high-grade mastitis, especially in infectious mastitis; consequently the test can 

 be used for detecting pathologic mammary secretions, particularly in conjunc- 

 tion with the milk (leucocyte) test. The factor which stands in the way of 

 the use of the method for practical milk control is the difiiculty of obtaining 

 a standard rennet solution (E. S. R., 29, p. 504) and the cumbersomeness of 

 the procedure. 



The nature of the Kurloff body: A stage in the development of the eosino- 

 phil leucocyte, H. W. Acton and R. Knowles (Indian Jour. Med. Research, 

 1 (1914), No. 3, pp. 523-531, pi. i).— "The Kurloff body is found in the bone 

 marrow of widely different animals, birds, amphibians, and mammals, and Is 

 not confined to the guinea pig. It can not, therefore, be a parasite. It is a 

 phase in the development of the eosinophil cell and is identical with the struc- 

 ture known as an archoplasmic vesicle. The Kurloff bodies are, therefore, the 

 bone marrow representatives of the granules of the eosinophil leucocytes, and 

 their appearance in the peripheral blood of the guinea pig or other animal may 

 be associated with helminthic infections. The Kurloff body is formed by the 

 nucleolus in an exactly similar manner to other zymogen granules. We are, 

 therefore, able to confinn Ehrlich's and Kurloff's view as to the nature of these 

 bodies. They contain Secretin-Stofif. The eosinophil granules are derived from 

 the nucleolus and are of the nature of zymogen granules. The phases in develop- 

 ment seen in these archoplasmic vesicles from the Initial Korper to the forma- 

 tion of the spireme stage coincide exactly with the stages described by E. H. 

 Ross" in the development of the Lymphocytozoon cohayw, and by Hartmann 

 and Prowazek for Chlamydozoa." 



"Proc. Roy. Soc. [London!. Ser. B, 85 (1912), No. B 576, pp. 67-72, pi. 1. 



