ANIMAL PEODUCTON. 771 



The results of experiments reported iu part 2, which deals with the growing 

 and fattening of hogs on forage crops, demonstrated that young, gromng cereals 

 such as rye, oats, barley, and wheat contain much more protein and ash and 

 less fiber than the same cereals when more mature and should be classified as 

 nitrogenous instead of carbonaceous roughages. These pastures should be 

 grazed by hogs when rhe plants measure between 6 and 15 in. in height. As 

 high as 18 lbs. gain per bushel of grain fed has been secured with pigs running 

 in pasture, whereas pigs running on forage crops without grain scarcely main- 

 tained their weight. A one-half to three- fourths feed of grain fed during 

 spring, sununer, and early fall required the pigs to get the full benefit of the 

 forage crops. 



Two lots of 47-lb. pigs fed 155 days as follows: Lot 1 corn meal and rye pas- 

 ture, lot 2 corn meal and soy beans 6 : 1 and rye pasture, averaged 168 and 

 201 lbs. per head, respectively, at the end of the test. Of 2 other lots, one fed 

 corn meal and rye pasture for 147 days averaged 174 lbs., another fed corn 

 meal and tankage 10 : 1 and rye pasture averaged 214 lbs. In each case greater 

 profits per bushel of corn fed were realized on those lots receiving nitrogenous 

 supplement. 



Two lots of 66-lb. pigs fed during 124 days as follows: Lot 1 corn meal, clover, 

 and rye pasture, lot 2 corn meal in a dry lot, averaged 215 and 150 lbs. per 

 head, respectively, at the end of the test Economy of gains favored the first lot. 



Pigs weighing 51 lbs. fed during 166 days on a ration of corn meal and soy- 

 bean meal 9:1 and successive rye, oat, and succotash pastures averaged 222 

 lbs. at the end of the test and gained 16.47 lbs. for every bushel of grain con- 

 sumed. It is estimated that each acre pastured was worth $33.68. 



The average gain made per bushel of grain by hogs running on pastures was 

 15.02 lbs. Estimating pork at 8 cts. per pound the grain fed these hogs realized 

 $1.20 per bushel, while the average cost was 68.4 cts. per bushel. 



Pasture and grain crops for hogs in the Pacific Northwest, B. Hunter 

 (C7. S. Dept. Agr. Bui. 6S (lOU), pp. 27, figs. 9).— This bulletin deals with crops 

 and systems of cropping with reference to economical pork production in the 

 Pacific Northwest. 



The advantages of hogging off crops are considered. The crops generally 

 used for this purpose are wheat, field peas, corn, and barley. The various pas- 

 ture crops and management methods are discussed, and suggestions offered. 

 It is stated that the utilization of these methods offers an opportunity for 

 profitable pork production in the Pacific Northwest on a much larger scale than 

 at present practiced. 



Comparison of pasturing and dry lot feeding methods in swine fattening-, 

 M. Popp (Mitt. Deut. Lamlw. GcsclL, 28 {1913), No. U, pp. 605-608) .—Two lots 

 of 6 pigs each, weighing approximately 26 kg. per head, were fed during a 

 period of 20 weeks on barley meal, steamed potatoes, fish meal, and skim milk, 

 lot 1 being on pasture and lot 2 in dry lot. 



Lot 1 made an average gain per head of 101.7 kg., costing 0.564 mark per 

 kilogram of live weight (6.1 cts. per pound) ; and lot 2, 104.2 kg., costing 0.551 

 mark per kilogram. However, during the first 14 weeks the gains and cost of 

 gain were approximately the same, the advantage going to the pigs in the dry lot 

 only after they had reached 100 kg. weight. The bacon measurements of the 

 pastured pigs were 6.8 cm. (2.65 in.) in the forequarter and 5.85 cm. at the loin: 

 of the dry lot-fed. 7.2 and 6.2 cm. The average weight of the stomach of pigs of 

 lot 1 was 617 gm., length 23.8 cm., breadth 12 cm., and volume content 988 cc. ; 

 of lot 2, 692 gm.. 24.3 cm., 12.7 cm., and 912 cc. respectively. The average 

 weight of the cecum of pigs of lot 1 was 216.7 gm., length 27.7 cm., breadth 13.2 

 44429°— No. 8—14 6 



