ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 867 



No. 2, pp. 17Jf-181). — As the authors point out, changes In the distribution of 

 various forms of leucocytes in the blood during prolonged fasting have received 

 little attention from investigators. The majority of observations have been 

 confined to the enumeration of the erythrocytes and leucocytes and the estima- 

 tion of the hemoglobin. 



According to the author's conclusions, the data obtained in the case of 2 

 fasting men indicate an increase in the percentage of the polymorphonuclear 

 leucocytes at the beginning of the fast, followed by a decrease below the normal 

 at the end of 7 days; the opposite conditions held for the lymphocytes. An 

 increase in the percentage of large lymphocytes during the earlier part of each 

 fast was noted. One of the subjects showed an increase in the eosinophilic 

 leucocytes which continued through the post-fastings feeding period. When 

 food was taken after fasting a tendency was noted for all tlie forms of leu- 

 cocytes to return to the normal. 



Tasting studies. — X, A note on a glycogen-free liver, P. B. Hawk (Jour. 

 Amer. Chem. Soc, 34 {1912), Ko. 6, pp. 826-828) .—Dog liver and a portion of 

 muscle were examined for the presence of glj^cogen aft(?r fasting for periods of 

 117 and 104 days respectively (E. S. R., 27, p. 465). None was found. 



The relation of the feeling of fatigne to the CO2 output during static mus- 

 cular -work, K. Frumerie {Skated. Arch. Physiol, 30 {1013), No. 4-6, pp. 409- 

 437, figs. 5). — The experiments here reported were made with apparatus de- 

 vised by Johansson (E. S. R., 13, p. 580; 14, p. 780) and the Tigerstedt-Sonden 

 respiration chamber. Under the conditions of the experiments there appeared 

 to be no relation between the output of carbon dioxid and the feeling of fatigue, 

 but the oncoming of the latter bore definite relations to the character of the 

 muscular contractions, and the pain which accompanied its later stages was 

 attributed to the mechanical irritation of the corpuscular nerve ends in muscles, 

 sinews, joints, and periostium. 



ANIMAL PRODUCTION. 



The calcium, and phosphorus supply of farm feeds, and their relation to 

 the animal's requirements, E. B. Hart, H. Steenbock, and J. (J. Filler 

 {Wisconsui ma. Research Bui. 30 {1914), pp. 28, figs. 2).— On the basis of 

 figures obtained mainly from Wolff's tables of plant ash anaylses and of pre- 

 vious results obtained at the Rothamsted Station and elsewhere on the calcium 

 and phosphorus requirement of swine and ruminants it is concluded that 

 " grains are deficient in calcium, but rich in phosphorus. Rations wholly made 

 up of grains will supply to the growing animal an amount of calcium danger- 

 ously near a critical level of intake. 



" Swine, growing or breeding, and confined wholly to grain rations should 

 receive an additional supply of calcium either as calcium carbonate, calcium 

 phosphate, or legume hay. 



"The roughages vary widely in calcium content. The straws contain the 

 least, while legume hays are very rich in calcium. Ruminants and the horse 

 consuming the usual roughage will ordinarily receive calcium enough for 

 growth. This is especially true when the roughage has been grown on a 

 calcium-rich soil. 



"For continued and high milk production, with its extra drain of calcium, 

 the supply may be dangerously low unless legume hays form a part of the 

 ration or calcium is furnished in other forms. When grain forms a liberal part 

 of the ration the supply of phosphorus will be abundant under almost all 

 conditions of animal life." 



