ANIMAL PRODUCTION-. 871 



domestic wool in Boston, 1899-1913; mohair production in the United States; 

 imports of wool and wool manufacturers; London wool sales; Liverpool East 

 India wool sales; Antwerp wool auctions; South American wool production; 

 Australian wool and sheep statistics; South African wools; number of sheep 

 in the world ; and wool production of the world. 



On the wild and domestic swine of the pile works in the Laibach. moor 

 and on the relation of these swine to an extinct race, S. Ulmansky (Mitt. 

 Landw. Lchrkanz. K. K. Ilochi^ch. Bodcnkul. Wioi, 2 (1913), Xo. 1, pp. 17-74, 

 pis. //).— After a very complete study of slceletal remains of prehistoric swine 

 found around the pile worlds of the Laibach moor, the author concludes that 

 the wild or turf swine occupy a middle position between the 2 species Sus scrofa 

 and S. vittatus, and that the present-day wild swine of Bosnia Herzegovina 

 represent a similar type. The relation of these swine to other more modern 

 wild swine of Europe and Asia is discussed. 



Brood sows and their litters, II. L. Hill (Chicago, 1913, pp. 80, figs. 25). — 

 A practical book dealng with the feed, care, and management of the brood sow 

 and her litter. 



Studies of the body, heart, and lun^ weights of the improved native and 

 Berkshire breeds of swine, A. Semmler (JaJirh. Wiss. u. Prokt. Tirrzucht, 

 8 {1913), pp. 88-137). — In a study of the dressing weights and lung and heart 

 capacities of swine it was found that male animals have a larger heart weight 

 in proportion to live weight than female animals, and that heart weights of 

 Berkshire swine are relatively smaller than of the native white swine. There 

 was found to be a correlation between the size of heart and body weight, the 

 larger heart being associated withTreater weight, accounted for because of the 

 greater blood circulation, thus aiding in the digestive process and in the assimi- 

 lation of food. There was no relation between lung weight and lung capacity, 

 the lightest lung weight not necessarily meaning a low capacity of volume. 



On the average, large lung capacity is associated with greater live weight, 

 and from these observations it is concluded that feeding and management 

 methods should be so conducted as to be conducive to the growth of large lung 

 capacity. It was observed that the lungs of young animals are relatively 

 large ; of fat animals in advancing age, small ; and of breeding animals, large. 

 Measurements made of the breadth and depth of the breast indicated that on 

 the average large measurements are accompanied by large heart and lung 

 weight and that these relationships are fairly constant. The length of body 

 with advancing age is associated with greater lung and heart weight. Increas- 

 ing height at the withers in fat swine was associated with smaller lung and 

 heart weight, but in breeding animals with larger lung and heart weight. 



There was found to be a large variation in the relation between the outer 

 breast measurements and the lung capacity, depending upon age, bree<l, and 

 individuality of animals. With advancing age the lung capacity of the female 

 animal is proportionately larger than that of the male. The pure-bred Berk- 

 shire has a lower lung capacity than the improved native, and breeding swine 

 a larger lung volume than castrated fat swine. 



The author points out that the lung capacity depends upon the lung tissue 

 and vesicles, rather than their weight, and concludes that it is impracticable to 

 attempt to determine lung capacity by the size and exterior measurements of an 

 animal. 



Experim.ents with swine on the effect of nonproteid nitrogen compounds 

 upon the nitrogen intake, A. K()nLi:R (Landw. Vers. Stat., 79-80 (1913). pp. 

 623-636). — A report of feeding experiments with the nonproteid nitrogen feeds 

 asparagin and ammonium-acetate solution, in which it was found that the 



46465°— Xo. 9—14 6 



