RURAL ENGINEERING. 887 



anrl f of this amount of salts. The plants wore watered wben they appeared to 

 need it, and received every time sufficient to form a stratum from 1.2 to 3.G cm. 

 deep, the total amount received being 3G.G cm. by the maize, and 33.6 cm. by the 

 tomatoes. 



During the vegetative period the maize appeared to suffer from the salts, 

 especially w^hen they were present in the larger quantities, while the tomatoes 

 seemed in no wise affected. The yield of maize decreased with an increase of 

 salts. In the case of the tomatoes, the maximum weight of ])lant was ol)taine(l 

 with the least salt, but the weight of fruit obtained with the maximum amount 

 of salt was greater than that obtained with the smaller doses, though smaller 

 than when fresh water nlone was used. It is noted that maize irrigated with 

 fresh water yielded within 4 monfhs at the rate of HO cwt. of dry matter per 

 acre, and when irrigated with brackish water the yield was a little less than 

 half. Tomatoes with fresh water yielded at the rate of 18.3 cwt. of dried stems 

 and leaves per acre and 121 cwt. of fruit per acre, while with brackish water 

 the weight of the dried stems and leaves was 20.3 cwt. and that of the fruit 

 111.5 cwt. 



Federal v. private irrigation, D. C. Henny (Engin. News, 71 (lOl.'i), Xo. 3, 

 pp. 120-124). — From a comparison between the cost of private and government 

 irrigation, and an analysis of factors affecting this, the conclusion is drawn 

 that the cost of irrigation is far more dependent upon local conditions than 

 upon the agency through which it is effected. The author presents and com- 

 pares results as to settlement, points out the need of public funds for future 

 irrigation development, discusses various features of the Reclamation Act, 

 and indicates changes in the law which he thinks are desirable. 



State rivers and water supply commission (Victoria Rivers and Water 

 Supply Com. Ann. Rpt., 8 (1913), pp. 37). — This is a report and statement for 

 the financial year 1912-13 regarding the water supply, irrigation, drainage, 

 water measurement, and flood protection. Marked progress ;n the extent and 

 practice of irrigation is noted. 



Measuring" devices [irrigation], B. A. Etcheverry (Jour. Electricity, 31 

 {1913), Kos. 3, pp. 68-70, fig. 1; ^, pp. 90, 91, fig. i).— This article describes the 

 use of rating flumes, weirs, a weir box and take-out from pipe line under 

 pressure, a minors' inch board or box, and submerged orifices for the measure- 

 ment of irrigation water. 



Pumping and other machinery, A. A. Musto (Dept. Agr. Bombay Leaflet 

 8 (1912), pp. 19, pi. 1, fig. 1). — This pamphlet presents the main features to be 

 considered in developing pumping projects, and describes the procedure usually 

 followed by the agricultural engineers of the department. 



Designing water conduits of large diameter, A. C. Janni (Engin. Neios^ 

 71 (1911,), Xo. 2, pp. 66-68, figs. 6).— It is stated that "in a horizontal pipe 

 containing water the internal pressure is tuuch less at the top than at the 

 bottom, and the stresses in a circular element are not purely tensile, but com- 

 prise a tension and a bending moment " which in large pipes or conduits be- 

 comes determinative. On this basis the author analyzes the design of large 

 water conduits, giving formulas for covered conduits based on Cuidi's method, 

 and computing moment diagrams for a covered conduit on two assumptions as 

 to vertical reaction and a stress diagram for bottom sections. 



A bibliography of foreign works on the subject is appended. 



Farm drainage, C. F. Brown (Utah Sta. Bui. 123 (1913), pp. 5-56, figs. U).^ 

 This bulletin is intended as a practical treatise, supplementing the series of co- 

 operative investigations and practical field demonstrations between the Utah 

 Station and the Drainage Investigations of this Office. It emphasizes the 



46405°— No- 0—14 7 



