ANIMAL PRODUCTION. l75 



Young animals made faster relative gains, while older cattle made higher 

 absolute gains. The nature of the winter feeding affected the gains made during 

 the first few weeks at pasture in the spring. 



Influence of feed on the streng'th of bone, G. Laurer {Dent. Landic. Tier- 

 ziicht, 14 {1910), 'So. 31, pp. Ji37--'i39). — The experimental animals used were 19 

 cattle of the Kellheinier breed, which were kept on 3 different farms where the 

 soil was deficient in lime. When compared with gains made in height at the 

 withers and in length of leg, the gains in circumference of the leg were greater 

 both relatively and absolutely when a hay ration rich in calcium and phosphorus 

 was fed than when the roughage consisted principally of straw which was 

 deficient in these elements. 



The relation of the breaking' strength of hog bones to the composition of 

 the ash, F. J. Alway and W. L. Hadlock {Nebraska Sta. Rpt. 1909, pp. 31, 

 32). — The composition of the ash of weak and strong bones (E. S. R., 20, 

 p. 868) was found to be practically the same, thus indicating that the nature 

 of the feed had no effect upon the relative proportion of the different mineral 

 constituents of bones. 



A contribution to the knowledge of the stomach digestion in horses with 

 normal rations and with the customary rations of army horses, A. Schattke 

 {Ein Bcitrag zur Kcnittnis dcr Magcnverclauung dcs Pfcrdes bei Normaler, 

 bei den Militdrpferden ubUclicr Fiittcrung. Inaug. Diss., Univ. Leipsic, 1909, 

 pp. 50; rev. in Zentbl. Physiol., 24 {1910), No. 7, pp. 283, 284; Jahrb. Wiss. u. 

 Prakt. Ticrzucht, 5 {1910), pp. 175, 176). — There was an acid reaction in all 

 parts of the stomach 90 minutes after feeding ; previous to that time, the 

 esophogeal portion gave an alkaline or neutral reaction. In i hour after eat- 

 ing, syntonin, albumose, peptone, and other degradation products were found 

 in all parts of the stomach. Water passed quickly to the intestine, and hence 

 did not affect the digestion process in any way. The digestion of carbohy- 

 drates was not localized, although it was most rapid in the esophogeal portion. 



On the influence of the movements of the body on digestion in swine, H. 

 Stambke {iJbcr den Einfluss dcr Korpcrbewcgung auf die Vardauung des 

 Schweines. Inaug. Diss., Univ. Bern, 1909; rev. in Zentbl. Physiol., 24 {1910), 

 No. 7, p. 284; Jahrb. Wiss. u. Prakt. Tierzucht, 5 {1910), p. ^74).— Moderate 

 exercise checked the muscular contractions of the walls of the stomach but not 

 those of the intestines. As previously found in horses, moderate exercise 

 hastened the process of digestion in the stomach and intestines. 



Influence of the genital glands on the formation of glycogen, F. Maignon 

 {Gompt. Rend. Acad. ScL [Paris], 150 {1910), No. 11, pp. 721-724; abs. in 

 Zentbl. Allg. u. Expt. Biol, 1 {1910), No. 4-5, pp. 139, 140).—As the maximum 

 content of glycogen in the muscles of guinea pigs, pigeons, and carp occurs in 

 the spring, and as the muscles of female guinea pigs and carp are richer in 

 glycogen than those of males, experiments were undertaken to ascertain if 

 the genital glands were an influential factor. 



Desexing guinea pigs lowered the glycogen content of males but not that of 

 desexed females. Ingestion of testicular secretions increased the amount in 

 normal males, but not in females nor in castrated males. Hence, it is con- 

 cluded that testicular activity increased the glycogen content. 



The literature of the Darwin centenary, 1908-1910, W. May {Zool. Zentbl., 

 17 {1910), No. 9-10, pp. 258-276).— A bibliography, with short reviews of 75 

 books or articles relating to the influence of Darwin's work, on the study of 

 the evolution of si)ecies, hybridizing, inheritance, and reloted topics of special 

 interest to students of heredity. 



The domesticated animals in development and inheritance, Hilzheimer 

 {Natiirw. Wegiveiser, 11 {1910), Ser. A, pp. 127, pi. 1, figs. 56; abs in Jahrb. 



