ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 163 



A peculiar case of parasitism of a flying fisli by a species of Chrysomyia is 

 also noted. 



Insect carriers of disease (Va. Health Buh, 1 (1909), No. IS, pp. 3Jf7-359, 

 figs. 7). — This bulletin calls attention to the role of flies and mosquitoes in 

 the dissemination of disease and describes the several methods of exterminating 

 them. 



Preventive measures ag'ainst infectious diseases, with special reference to 

 those transmitted by insects, A. J. Smith {Univ. Penn. Med. Bui., 23 (1910), 

 No. 3, pp. 119-132). — "In all these cases of insect transmission our mode of 

 operation in prophylaxis must include one or all of these features: (a) De- 

 struction of the original focus from which insects may become infected; (b) in 

 event of an inability to thus destroy the primary focus for one or other reason, 

 to prevent access of insects to such material; (c) to destroy the insects them- 

 selves, or, (d) to prevent access of the insects to the unprotected individual; 

 or, flnally, in any cases where these are uncertain, as is usual, to institute pro- 

 cedures to immunize the individual against the infection." 



The insect pests of cotton [in Egypt], F. C. Willcocks {Cairo Sci. Jour., 

 4 {1910), No. 4'2, PP- 57-64)- — The G insects here briefly considered, namely, the 

 Egyptian boll worm {Earias insulana), Egyptian cotton-worm {Prodenia 

 Uttonalis), cotton aphis, black cutworm, African cotton stainer, or cotton bug 

 (Oxycarenus liyalinipennis) and small green cotton-worm {Caradrina exigua), 

 are the chief enemies of the cotton crop in Egypt. 



Some new enemies of fruit, G. LiisTNEU {Jaliresher. Ver. Angeiv. Bot., 7 

 {1909), pp. 93-116, figs. 6). — Three species are noted in this account, namely, 

 Diaspis piri, the strawberry mite (Tarsonemtis fragariw) and the currant mite 

 ( Eriop h yes ri h is ) . 



Investig'ating' some serious deciduous tree pests, J. A. Prizer {Cal. Cult.. 

 34 {1910), No. 20, p. 603). — A brief account is given of injury caused by termites 

 to the roots of peaches, pears, apricots, and prunes at Banning, Cal. The roots 

 in some of the trees were entirely destroyed. In some instances the insect had 

 worked well up into the new wood and even into the branches. 



The peach worm, discovered at the same place, is recorded from southern 

 California for the first time. 



A list of injurious insects of the mulberry tree in Japan, S. Niwa {Bui. 

 Assoc. Scri. Japon, 1910, No. 218, pp. 1-3). — Seventy species are here listed. 



Animal parasites of the orange, G. Gandara {Estac. Agr. Cent. [Mexico] 

 Bol. 31, pp. 18-42, pis. 36). — An account of the insects affecting the orange in 

 Mexico, their natural enemies, and remedial measures. 



The animal enemies of the rose, M. Schwartz {Qart en flora, 59 {1910), No. 

 7, pp. 137-148). — The insect enemies of the rose and remedial measures are con- 

 sidered under the headings of injury to the bud, bloom, and fruit, injury and 

 deformity of the leaves, injury to the twigs and shoots, and injury from attack 

 on the roots. 



The ked, or sheep louse, A. G. Davison {Agr. Jour. Cape Good Hope, 36 

 {1910), No. 4, pp. 398-403, figs. 5).— A preliminary report of experiments con- 

 ducted to demonstrate that the sheep louse {Melophagus ovinus) does not de- 

 stroy the scab mite as supposed by farmers in some parts of Cape Colony. 



Froghoppers in sugar cane, P. W. Urich {Bui. Dept. Agr. Trinidad, 9 {1910), 

 No. 64. 2)P- 15-21 ) .—A report of the field work with Tomaspis postica during the 

 season of 1909. Seasonal history records of froghoppers on cane estates are 

 presented in tabular form and a bibliography of cane blight and froghoppers is 

 appended. 



The black scale and its parasite {Agr. News [Barbados'], 9 {1910), No. 211, 

 p. 170).—Zalophothrix mirum, which is widely distributed throughout the 



