ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 357 



considerable portion of Bombay has shown that there are 5 species of anophe- 

 line mosquitoes present on the island. Two of these. Myzomiiin culieifacies and 

 Neocellia stephensi, are active agents in the propagation of malaria, while 

 M. barhirostris and N. jamesi though potent carriers do not appear to be very 

 dangerous ones. The fifth species, M. rossii, apparently does not transmit the 

 malarial parasites. Notes are presented on the identification, breeding habits, 

 etc., of these species. 



The larvse of Culex cancolor which is frequently found breeding in collections 

 of water haunted by A^ stephensi is said to destroy great numbers of this mala- 

 rial transmitting species. Thus 4 large larvae of C. coiwolor which the author 

 placed in a bowl of water containing a number of larvae of N. stephensi of 

 different stages destroyed over 50 in a period of 2 hours. That they will act 

 in a similar manner under natural conditions is thought to be shown by the 

 fact that breeding places which early in the season contain large numbers of 

 larvae of N. stephensi, later in the season also contain larvae of C. concolor. while 

 still later the C concolor alone remain. Mention is also made of other enemies 

 of mosquito larvae. 



Observations of mosquitoes, B. Galli-Valerio and J. Rochaz de Jonoii 

 (Cenfbl. Bakt. [etc.], 1. AM., Orig., 54 {1910), No. 1, pp. 21-27, figs. 2).— Bio- 

 logical observations of mosquitoes at Lausanne from November 1, 1908, to No- 

 vember 1, 1909, are reported. 



A synopsis of the fleas found on Mus norvegicus decum.anus, M. rattus 

 alexandrinus, and M. musculus, N. C. Rothschild (BuI. Ent. Research, 1 

 (1910), No. 2, pp. 89-98, flgs. 28).— -"The object of the present paper is to 

 assist students and others toward the rapid identification of the fleas usually 

 found on the common rats and mice."' 



The oak pruner, F. H. Chittenden (U. S. Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Circ. 130, 

 PP- 7, fig. 1). — This circular gives a brief description of the oak pruner (Elaphi- 

 dion villosuvi). its distribution, food plants and injury, life history, habits, 

 natural enemies, and remedies. 



The author has found that the forms which breed in the North from ampu- 

 tated twigs are identical. "Available records show that the typical oak pruner 

 occurs from New England westward to Michigan, and probably farther west, 

 and southward through the District of Columbia and Virginia to North Caro- 

 lina, while there are specimens in the United States National Museum labeled 

 Texas." 



It is stated that this insect or allied species will attack almost every form 

 of deciduous tree, shrub, and vine with a woody stalk. Mention is made of 

 injury to branches of the peach and shagbark hickory, as well as of the oak. 

 " During 1908 the depredations by this species were widespread and general, 

 injury having been reported in Massachusetts. Pennsylvania, Virginia, and 

 Kansas to oak, elm, pear, and wistaria. The year following pecans were 

 attacked in Alabama and Mississippi, and hickory and oak in Illinois. In 1910 

 the oak pruner attracted widespread attention in the States of New York, Con- 

 necticut, and Massachusetts and became the subject of many newspaper notices 

 under the name of the ' gun-worm.' " 



The parasite Braeon eurygastcr has been reared from twigs inhabited by this 

 insect and several species of birds have been recorded as feeding upon it. 

 Where the species becomes injuriously abundant, it may be readily controlled 

 by gathering and burning the pruned twigs. 



Note on beetles on Turkish tobacco leaf, J. P. Wright (Jour. Quekett Micros. 

 Club, 2. ser., 10 (1909), No. 65, p. .'i''2: (il>s. in Jour. Roy. Micros. Soc. [Lon- 

 don], 1910, No. 2, p. 165). — The author finds that beetles from Turkish tobacco- 



