VETEEINARY MEDICINE. 391 



symptoms. These findings with B. suipestifer (Voldagsen) stand In direct con- 

 tradiction to Dorset's findings and Ostertag's and Uhlenhuth's conceptions. 

 The authors consider this bacillus a potent infective agent instead of a weakly 

 virulent one. 



In order to establish whether the bacilli employed in these experiments were 

 actually of the coli-typhoid or hog-cholera group, the authors made bacterio- 

 logical, cultural, and feeding tests with B. typhi, B. enteriUdis (Gartner), B. 

 colt, B. paratyphi B, B. suipestifer (Uhlenhuth) and B. suipestifer (Voldagsen). 

 From the tests and the pathological findings it was found that none of the 

 above bacteria, except Voldagsen's bacillus, produced symptoms or pathological 

 changes like those of hog cholera, and this leads the authors to believe that 

 none of them are related to Voldagsen's bacillus. A serum was prepared which 

 was efficient for the bacillary form of the disease when used with young ani- 

 mals but no efi'ective serum could be made for the ultravisible form. 



Immunity in young' pigs from cholera immune sows, M. H. Reynolds 

 {Amer. Vet. Rev., 38 {1910), No. 2, pp. 236, 237). — Investigations conducted at 

 the Minnesota Station during the past 2 years indicate that young pigs from 

 immune sows are highly immune to cholera inoculation, but that if they are 

 not inoculated the immunity is gradually lost. Inoculation with virulent blood 

 during this immune period has given permanent immunity but pen exposure 

 while nursing has not given satisfactory results. A small amount of work with 

 pigs from susceptible sows indicates that such pigs do not have any important 

 immunity at birth. 



Investigations in regard to the activities of Bacillus suipestifer and 

 various antisera, W. Rickmann {Arch. Wiss. u. Prakt. Tierheillc, 36 {1910), 

 No. 3, pp. 249-30h' o&s. in Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., II, Ref., 2 

 {1910), No. 18, p. 509). — Infection and immunizing tests were conducted with 

 living bacteria, bouillon toxins, wash water toxins, shaking extracts, and intact 

 bat killed cells with hogs and horses. 



The toxins of the shaking extracts were resistant to heat, while the bouillon 

 toxins and wash water toxins were labile and nonresistant. A further distinc- 

 tion found between the shaking extract toxin and bouillon toxin is that only 

 with the former can a protection against bacterial infection be obtained. With 

 hogs and horses the injection of living bacteria was relatively harmless. On 

 the other hand, the bacteria-free bouillon toxin and the sterile shaking extracts 

 were very toxic and produced symptoms of an acute intoxication which resulted 

 in death. 



From this the author concludes that the clinical findings produced by B. sui- 

 pestifer are to be considered an expression of the action of its toxins. With 

 these toxins it was possible to produce pathological changes in the lumen of 

 the intestine by way of the tissue and also intravenously. From this the author 

 was led to believe that the intestinal changes were not only the result of local- 

 ized toxin action but were also due to resorbed toxins which are in the body 

 fluids and blood, and which are again discharged into the lumen of the gut and 

 there produce changes at the point of discharge. 



A contribution on the occurrence of Ascaris lumbricoides, W. Meyeb 

 {Ztschr. Fleisch u. Milchhyg., 20 {1910), No. //, pp. 121, 128; ahs. in Ann. MM. 

 V^t., 59 {1910), No. 7, pp. 409, 7//0).— While this nematode is occasionally found 

 in the intestines of swine its presence in large numbers, as here described, oc- 

 curs but rarely. The form found in swine is said to be smaller than that which 

 affects man. 



Trichinosis, C. Staubli {Trichinosis. Wieshaden, 1909, pp. XII-\-295, pis. Iff, 

 figs. 18; rev. in Bui. Inst. Pasteur, 8 {1910), No. 8, pp. 338-3.'i0). — In this mono- 

 graph the author takes up the history, geographical distribution and etiology 



