310 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



middle of a line whicli runs from the center to the edge of the cheese. From 

 the results of niimerons analyses and observations it was noticed that 45 per 

 cent of fat (calculated to dry substance) is the limit of fat which can be 

 obtained, considering technical losses, in full-fat Emmental cheese. 



The quantitative determination of rice spelts in feeds and fertilizers, 

 T. Katayama (Laiidw. Vers. Stat., 73 {1910), No. 1-3, pp. 171-185).— The 

 author made numerous analyses of rice spelts for ash, silicic acid, crude fiber 

 (by the Henneberg-Stohmann method," and crude fiber, pentosans, and incrust- 

 ing substances (lignin and kutin) by the Kouig method^ (E. S. R., 10, p. 411; 

 18, pp. 524, 664), with a view to testing the validity of Schrodei-'s method 

 (E. S. R., 20, p. 611; 21, p. 211), which is based on the assumption that rice 

 spelts contain the silicic acid in different proportions from other feeding 

 stuffs. The results show that the silicic acid content of the spelts is greatly 

 dependent upon the climate, the variety, and the soil, while the crude fiber, 

 lignin, and kutin vary very little in this respect. 



Comparative tests were further made between average samples of rice feed 

 meal and wheat bran, from which it is noted that the silicic acid of the wheat 

 bran is mostly soluble in hydrochloric acid, while that from the rice feed 

 meal is difficultly so. The silicic acid content of the former fluctuated only 

 slightly and is less in amount than that in the latter, which also fluctuated 

 very markedly. The crude fiber content of the wheat i)ran varied considerably 

 and had a direct relation to the different characters of the bran, average bran 

 containing from S to 12 per cent. 



The results further indicate that Schroder's method leaves much to be desired 

 when compared with both the Henneberg-Stohmann and- the Konig methods. 

 On the basis of these results, preference is to be given the Konig method, but, 

 owing to the fact that average figures from numerous analyses with the 

 method are lacking, the Henneberg-Stohmann method must be resorted to for 

 the present at least. 



The method for determining the incrusting substances was found by the 

 author to be cumbersome and costly and to yield variable results. The author 

 believes that the results of the crude fiber determination would not be a fair 

 criterion for detecting rice spelts in wheat bran, but can be absolutely relied 

 upon in determining the spelts in rice feeds and fertilizers. See also previous 

 notes (E. S. R., 9, p. 220; 23, p. 110). 



Color reactions for oils, J. Royer (Ann. Falsif., 3 (1910), No. 23, pp. 380- 

 385). — The author examined 5 genuine samples of poppy oils, 3 of which were 

 northern oils, 1 being cold pressed oil, 1 hot pressed, and the third heated 

 after refining. After determining some of the chemical and physical constants, 

 he submitted the oils to the Bellier and to the Villavecchia-Fabris reactions. 



From these tests it is seen that the first pressing oils do not give the reaction 

 for oil of sesame, but oils which are prepared for ordinary commercial pur- 

 poses (hot pressed) often do, this perhaps to some extent because sesame oil 

 and poppy oil are often made on the same press. It is further noted that the 

 2 reactions are not sufficiently characteristic to say definitely whether oil of 

 sesame is present, and the author therefore recommends the determination 

 of the chemical and physical constants in addition, when adulteration is 

 suspected. 



"Landw. Jahrb., 1S77, Sup., p. 103; Jour. Landw., 21 (ISSO), p. 273; Die 

 Untersuchung Landwirtschaftlich und Gewerblich wichtiger Stoffe, Berlin 

 1891, p. 235. 



^Ztschr. Untersuch. Nahr. u. Genussmtl., 6 (1903), No. 17, p. 769. 



