FIELD CROPS. .433 



manure on all crops save barley, oats, mangels, and turnips. On the root crops 

 tlie difference was variable in direction and slight in amount. 



In the rotation experiments the highest net profits, $8.55 per acre, were 

 secured with (1) a clover hay, timothy hay, grain, corn, and grain, and (2) a 

 clover hay, grain, clover hay, corn, grain rotation. The corn, grain, clover 

 hay rotation which gave the highest profit in 1908 came next with $8.39 during 

 1909. Tables state in full the items of expense in raising the crops of each of 

 the 8 rotations in 1909 as well as the yields and values. 



The yields of 4 varieties of potatoes during 16 years seemed to indicate that 

 careful selection and. cultivation had increased their productivity by 47^ bu. 

 per acre, but unfavorable seasons which weakened vitality apparently caused a 

 falling off of 227 bu. per acre in yield. Imported seed of 6 varieties yielded 

 almost twice as heavily as the home-grown seed of the same sorts, which was 

 thought to be weakened. The horticulturist regards it as proved that tubers 

 have more vitality if not hurried to maturity by hot. dry weather and thinks 

 that this may explain the advantage often derived from seed imported from the 

 moister, cooler regions. 



The cerealist gives a progress report of wheat breeding, and reviews the 

 earlier results at the Central Farm. Among the spring wheats tested " Bishop 

 is a very early beardless wheat which has given exceptionally high yields." 

 It is pale btit not a soft wheat. 



Uninoculated, seed inoculated, and soil inoculated alfalfa yielded 127.6, 118.6, 

 and 126.8 gm., respectively, in pot experiments and 7 lbs. 3 oz., 4 lbs. 15 oz., and 

 7 lbs. 5 oz., respectively, of air dried material in plat experiments. In similar 

 experiments with peas the uninoculated crop was uniformly the greatest. 



A table states the composition of wheat straw and heads at different stages 

 of growth from flowering to the time when the grain was dead ripe. The dry 

 matter increased continuously. " The total nitrogen in the fresh straw remains 

 practically constant until the kernel has reached the dough stage, it then de- 

 clines somewhat rapidly until the grain is ready for harvesting. . . . Consider- 

 ing the total nitrogen content of the water-free substance a steady decrease is 

 to be noticed until the gi-ain is ready for harvesting, after which it remains 

 practically constant . . . Until the late dough stage the proportion of albu- 

 minoid and non-albuminoid nitrogen remains fairly constant;" then there is a 

 sudden but slight increase in the albuminoid nitrogen. 



The oil and protein contents of flax seed varied from 34.5 to 42.2 and from 

 19.6 to 27.56 per cent the averages being 37.1 and 24.77, respectively. While no 

 constant ratio between oil and protein content appear " in a general way, how- 

 and plump seeded samples stood very high in oil content. Ergot was found in 

 the inflorescences of Carex stellulata. 



At the Nappan Farm, corn planted in rows 35 in. apart gave the hif.-liest 

 yield. The 8 acres of heavy run-out clay showed increased yields of 362, 542, 

 and 1,162 lbs. per acre respectively of timothy and clover hay after applications 

 of (1) 300 lbs. of fertilizer, (2) 600 lbs. of fertilizer, and (3) 10 cartloads of 

 manure per acre. The results of 12 tests of different fertilizer and manurial 

 applications to turnip flelds ranged from losses of $7.07 to gains of 59 ets. per 

 acre. Wheat, barley, and oats produced higher yields of at least 1 bu. per acre 

 after clover than on land not in clover the preceding year. 



At the Brandon Farm, all mixtures of Daubeney oats and Mensury barley 

 gave higher grain yields than either alone, but only one mixture excelled the 

 yield of Banner oats planted alone. The Daubeney variety was used because it 

 ordinarily rijiens with the barley. A mixture of Arthur peas and Banner oats 

 produced yields higher than those of the peas alone, but lower than those of the 

 oats alone. Summaries are given of the 1905-1909 results of rotation experi- 



