484 EXPERIMENT STATION EECOED. 



cases wliicli were clinically cases of contagious abortion. Two of these, cases 

 1 and 2, were examined before the plate method was employed, and cultures 

 were negative. A guinea pig inoculated from case 2 aborted. Of the 4 remain- 

 ing cases. No. 3 and No. 11 gave positive cultures of B. abortus from the placenta 

 in each case. lu case 7 only a bit of membrane without placental tissue was 

 available and in case 10 only some of the discharge gathered from the ground. 

 Both of these, examined by the plate method, gave negative results. 



" Subcutaneous inoculation into a pi-eguant female guinea pig of a broth 

 culture of the mixed bacteria of a contaminated placenta produced abortion 

 in 26 days. Intravaginal application of the same material in another pregnant 

 female guinea pig was without result. Subcutaneous inoculation of a broth 

 suspension of infected placenta into a pregnant female guinea pig produced 

 abortion in 10 days, and the subcutaneous inoculation of a pure culture of 

 B. abortus isolated by the Nowak plate method from the same placenta caused 

 a premature delivery after 3i days in one guinea pig and an abortion 8 days 

 after inoculation in a second guinea pig. From this last animal the bacillus 

 was recovered from the point of inoculation, from the interior of the uterus, 

 and from each of the 2 placentre. 



" From this rather limited series of examinations and experiments we may 

 conclude that the bacillus of Bang is the microbic cause of at least some of the 

 contagious abortion of cattle in this country." 



The microbe of contagious abortion in cows, F, Tins well (Agr. Gaz. N. S. 

 Wales, 21 {1910), No. 11, lyp. 991-1000). — This is a summarized account of the 

 present status of our knowledge of this disease. 



A contribution to the pathogenesis and treatment of hyposersemia [milk 

 fever], H. R. Bredo (Bui. Soc. Cent. Med. Tit., S6 {1909), No. 12, pp. 228- 

 21,2; abs. in Amcr. Yet. Rev., 31 {1910), No. 6, pp. 799-802) .—An abstract of 

 this paper has been previously noted (E. S. It., 23, p. .'jST). 



Gall-sickness of South Africa (anaplasmosis of cattle), A. Theiler {Jour. 

 Compar. Path, and Ther., 23 {1910), No. 2, pp. 98-11-5).— In this article the 

 author reviews the literature on Anaplasnia marginale, showing that it occurs in 

 the United States and South America as well as in South Africa. It is shown 

 that this parasite is the cause of a typical disease, a grave anemia, which to a 

 great extent resembles that caused by Piroplasma bigeminum. " We may safely 

 state that anaplasmosis repi-eseuts the genuhie gall-sickness, since the piro- 

 plasmosis is usually accompanied by hemoglobinuria, and this symptom per- 

 mits of the differentiation." The various forms of anaplasmosis and the 

 lesions are described. (See also a previous note, E. S. R., 24, p. 386.) 



Piroplasmosis of cattle in Queensland, S. Dodd {Jour. Compar. Path, and 

 Ther., 23 {1910), No. 2, pp. l-'il-160).—T'he author finds that there are 2 dis- 

 tinct forms of pathogenic piroplasms in Australia, namely, Piroplasma bigemi- 

 num and a smaller form that is morphologically identical with P. miitans. In 

 Queensland with cattle infected by this smaller form, which is referred to 

 as "rings and rods," the period of incubation is from 3 to 33 or even 54 days 

 in cases of mixed infection and from 5 to 15 days in cases of pure infection. 



"The disease caused by the smaller piroplasm (rings and rods) when re- 

 produced by inoculation of blood by means of a syringe has so far been of a 

 mild character as a rule, even when large doses of blood were used, but in 

 spite of this there is evidence to show that the disease when naturally set up 

 by the tick is of a much more virulent nature. Variation in virulence between 

 artificially and naturally infected cases is not peculiar to the organism under 

 consideration. The disease caused by the small piroplasm (rings and rods) 

 can in Australia be transmitted by means of the ordinary cattle tick {Marga- 

 ropus australis), the same tick as is responsible for ordinary redwater or tick 



