786 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



examining the lierd on September 15, 22 head were found to be dead and the 

 others in a very poor condition, although they had had access throughout the 

 summer to good pasture with plenty of clover. 



Several similar outbreaks in the State of Missouri in the spring of 1904 are 

 mentioned, as follows : " In 1 outbreak in a herd of 36 head in Jasper County, 

 23 head died and the remaining 13, mostly cows, were left in a very poor con- 

 dition. One outbreak in Grundy County in a herd of 320 head of grade and 

 full-blood Aberdeen-Angus cattle, resulted in the death of 83 head. In 1 neigh- 

 borhood in Gentry County 40 different farmers had cattle affected with this 

 worm, and lost by death from 1 to 34 head each. The amount of the loss from 

 the emaciation of the cattle that lived was equal to the loss by death." 



It is said that this worm spreads quite rapidly from one animal to another. 

 In all the outbreaks in the larger herds the disease was definitely traceable to 

 some infested animal getting into the pasture or being added to the herd. An 

 account is given of the symptoms and the results of post-mortem examinations. 

 It is recommended that infested animals be removed from infested pastures 

 and supplied with nutritious feed. In many badly affected animals very satis- 

 factory results were secured by withholding food from the animals for 24 

 hours and then administering a cathartic, following with a full dose of gasoline 

 and sweet milk. 



Gastritis due to trichostrongyle invasion. — Cases in adult cattle, J. A. Gil- 

 BUTH and Georgina Sweet (Vet. Jour., 66 (1910), Xo. ^21, pp. 4iS-42i).— The 

 authors report having found parasites very similar to the Ostertagia ostertagi 

 of Stiles present in large numbers in a herd of milch cows. The treatment of 

 affected animals with lysol and tonics internally resulted in a gradual return 

 to a normal condition. 



About white scours in calves, C. Titze (Ztschr. Immunitdtsf. u. Expt. Ther., 

 II, Ref., 3 {1910), No. 7, p. 810). — Various bacteria were found to be present 

 in addition to the abortion bacillus (Zwick). Bacteria-free blood filtrates were 

 not found to be pathogenic. Vaccination tests w^hich were made resulted nega- 

 tively. 



In regard to braxy or bradsot in sheep, C. Titze and A. Weichel {Arh. K. 

 GsndMsamt., 36 (1910), No. 2, pp. 171-197).— According to the authors, the 

 bacillus usually known as the bradsot bacillus is not an etiological factor in 

 this disease. They consider it to be saprophytic and as belonging to the group 

 of anaerobic cadaver bacteria. 



Bradsot or braxy can therefore only be diagnosed by the autopsical find- 

 ings. The authors in this work were not able by direct transference to convey 

 the disease, nor was it possible to relate such factors as bad water, condi- 

 mental foods, and roughage to the causation of this condition. 



Some points in the epizootiolog'y of sheep scab in relation to eradication, 

 S. Stockman (Jour. Compar. Path, and Then, 23 (1910), No. .',, pp. 303-31.',).— 

 In discussing this subject the author reports experiments personally conducted. 

 The questions relating to the epizootiology of sheep scab which he points out 

 as requiring further investigation include (1) the period of time after removal 

 from affected sheep during which the acari and their eggs are capable of 

 infecting other sheep; (2) the length of time during which the acari or their 

 eggs may remain in a quiescent state upon sheep and subsequently give rise to 

 scab; (3) the period of time after what may be called ineffective dipping in 

 which one may expect the active symptoms of scab to reappear; and (4) 

 whether there is anything in connection with the habits of the parasite or the 

 general conditions of the sheep which can account satisfactorily for the almost 

 complete disappearance of scab during the summer months. 



