FORESTRY. 739 



part from copper plates and from tlie works of architects and garden lovers 

 living during the period from the sixteenth to the eighteenth century. 



A bibliography is given of recent and old literature and copper designs dealing 

 with formal gardening. 



FORESTRY. 



The principles of handling woodlands, H. S. Graves {'Neio York and Lon- 

 don, 1911, pp XXI +325, figs. 63). — This book deals with the silvicultural treat- 

 ment of woodlands, with special reference to the principles of cutting mature 

 stands of timber with a view to their replacement by new growth, cuttings in 

 immatux'e stands for their improvement, and forest protection with particular 

 reference to forest fires. 



The subject is presented primarily from the standpoint of conditions as they 

 obtain to-day. The introductory chapter contains general considerations rela- 

 tive to the American forest and the march of forest destruction, the scope and 

 objects of silviculture, financial returns from forestry, classification of the 

 trees in a forest, and silvicultural systems. The succeeding chapters discuss 

 in detail the selection system, systems of clear-cutting, the shelterwood system, 

 the coppice systems, improvement of the forest, protection of forests from fire, 

 and protection from other injurious agencies. 



The taxation of forests, F. R. Fairchild {Rpt. Nat. Lumher Manfr. Assoc, 

 S (1910), pp. 65-77). — The author briefiy summarizes the defects of the gen- 

 eral property tax as related to forests, proposes the single tax on yield as an 

 ideal forest tax, and presents some suggestions relative to bringing about tax 

 reforms. 



Worth American forests and forestry. — Their relations to the national life 

 of the American people, E. Bruncken (Neiv York and London, 1908, pp. 

 VI-\-265). — A popular presentation of the subject intended for those who are 

 interested in nature and those who take a living interest in all questions affect- 

 ing the welfare of the Nation. 



The introductory chapter points out the general relation between civiliza- 

 tion and natural conditions. The succeeding chapters deal with the North 

 American forest regions, the forest and man, forest industries, destruction and 

 deterioration, forests and forestry, forest finance and management, forestry 

 and government, fighting fires and thieves, forestry and taxation, reform in 

 forestry methods, and forestry as a profession. 



Cone-bearing' trees of the California mountains, J. S. Chase {Chicago, 

 1911, pp. IX-\-99, pis. 21, figs. 21). — A popular guide to the pines, firs, and other 

 coniferous trees native to inland and mountain regions of California. Aside 

 from the use of definite botanical names, the author has restricted himself to 

 giving the broad characteristics of each species as evidenced by full-grown 

 trees of normal development. 



Preliminary examination of the forest conditions of Mississippi, C. E. 

 DuNSTON (Miss. Geol. Survey Bvl. 7, 1910, pp. 76, map 1). — This report was 

 prepared under the direction of the Forest Service of this Department at the 

 request of the State of Mississippi. 



It contains a general description of the State relative to its geology, topog- 

 raphy, and climate, and a description of forests by regions, and discusses the 

 various problems in forest management, including forest fires, grazing, turpen- 

 tining, waste in logging, establishment and care of young stands, clauses sug- 

 gested for logging contracts, assessments and taxation of timber lands, and 

 management of tax on school lands. A review is given of past forest legislation, 



