FIELD CROPS. 727 



of the previous year and the bran and shorts correspondingly lower. Red Fife 

 proved superior to most others in milling quality. "It is remarkable in having 

 nearly as much total flour as the best durums, and it has 6 per cent more patent 

 flour than any of the others." It produces as much flour per acre as Ghirka 

 which yielded 5J bu. more grain. 



In a test of 23 potato varieties Early Bird and Early Eureka led with 142.7 

 and 137.1 bu. per acre respectively. Small and large uncut tubers and cut sets 

 weighing 2, 12, and 1.5 oz. each respectively required 13.6, 76.5, and 9.4 bu. 

 of seed per acre respectively in planting. They produced 3.5, 9.9, and 2.8 

 stalks per hill, and 8S.9, 162.3, and 115.7 bu. per acre respectively, valued at 

 $80.32, $130.20, and $109.36, after subtracting the cost of seed. "The heavy 

 seeding had the greatest number of stalks per hill, but we did not find an ap- 

 preciable larger percentage of small potatoes on this plat." In another test of 

 the use of cut and uncut tubers it was found " that the hill with many vines had 

 the smallest percentage of large tubers. But the relations were not striking." 



On moisture conservation plats spring plowing with ordinary methods of 

 cultivation, fall plowing with moisture conservation methods, and alternate 

 summer tillage, produced 3-year average corn yields of 28.2, 26, and 17.9 bu. 

 per acre respectively. These averages include a total failure of the corn crop 

 in 1908, the first year of the test. Wheat under the same conditions yielded 

 22.8, 20.4, and 32.1 bu. per acre, oats 45.4, 39.1, and 59.7 bu. per acre, and 

 barley 33.9, 31.4. and 34.7 bu. " For the 3 years of trial the crops from the 

 summer tilled plats have not produced enough additional yields to pay for the 

 loss of the one season. . . . Corn gi'own after summer fallow yields less than 

 when the crop is grown continuously." 



Wheat, oats, corn, barley, peas, and rye were used in various combinations 

 in 12 three-year rotations which had completed their first round. ^Fall plowing, 

 spring plowing, summer fallow, and disking were tested in the same rotation 

 series. Two year's small gi'ains with peas 1 year as green manure gave an 

 average annual income of $12.30 per acre. 2 year's small gi-ains with rye 1 

 year as green manure, $13.50, 2 year's small grains with 1 year clean fallow. 

 $14.25, 2 year's small grains with 1 year corn, $18.05, and 2 year's small gi'ains 

 with one crop of corn dressed with 10 loads of stable manure per acre, $20.75. 

 Wheat on summer fallow produced an average income of $12.50 per acre, on 

 fall plowing $15.60, and on spring plowing $16.25. The author regards these 

 conclusions as tentative and subject to change on further investigation. 



The results of other tests of rotations are gi-aphically indicated. 



[Irrig'ation, dry farming' methods, range conditions, and plant breeding], 

 R. W. Clothiee, J. J. Thornber, and G. F. Freeman {A7-izo7ia Sta. Rpt. 1910, 

 pn. 367-370, 311-31 If, 378-383 ) .—After fallow, heavy soil not irrigated or pre- 

 viously cropped yielded 3.18 tons, 2 tons, and 317 lbs. per acre respectively of 

 sorghum, Kafir corn, and brown Tepary beans. A lighter soil after 2 years' 

 'cropping and 1 year's fallow yielded 2.56 tons, 10.4 bu., 9.1 bu., and 232 lbs. 

 respectively of sorghum, squaw corn, soft Mexican corn, and brown Tepary 

 beans, while this lighter soil cropped the 3 years preceding yielded 1.26 tons of 

 sorghum and 7.2 bu. of white Flint corn. The maize yields are the estimated 

 correct yields that would have been secured had the crop not been decreased 



15 to 20 per cent by birds. 



Under irrigation on light soil. Red Dent corn 400 ft. and 170 ft. from the 

 tank, yielded 5.7 and 11 bu. per acre respectively, brown Tepary beans 230 ft. 

 distant yielded 732 lbs., sorghum 360 ft. away 2.1 tons of forage and 400 lbs. 

 of seed, and white Flint corn 525 ft. distant produced an estimated yield of 



16 bu. per acre, allowing 40 per cent damage by birds. Milo maize yielded 1.75 

 tons of forage and 25 bu. of grain, or double this amount, allowing for the 50 per 



