AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 595 



Seeds and seedlings, D. W. Working {W. Va. School Agr., J (1910), Tslo. 2, 

 pp. 40, figs. 22). — Seeds are described and lessons on germination, the composi- 

 tion of seeds, and their uses are outlined, together with numerous demon- 

 strations and exercises to be performed by teachers and pupils. References to 

 available literature are given. 



Weeds, F. L. Holtz (Nature-Study Rev., 6 (1910), No. 8, pp. 237-245, figs. 

 4). — The value in botanical study of weeds as compared with showy flowers such 

 as roses, violets, and sunflowers, is pointed out and some interesting botanical 

 and economic points concerning weeds are given. 



Poultry laboratory guide, H. R Lewis (New York, 1910, pp. IX+120, 

 pis. 24). — The laboratory manual is intended for short-course work where 

 classes are large and a large amount of practical work must be crowded into a 

 short period of time. 



Several chapters are devoted to poultry houses, their arrangement and equip- 

 ment, and these are followed by discussions of different methods of yarding, 

 handling eggs for incubation, incubator cellars and incubators, natural incuba- 

 tion, the elements of embryology, brooding by natural and artificial methods, 

 and many other details in the care and management of poultry. Rather more 

 attention than usual is paid to preparing poultry for market, poultry bookkeep- 

 ing, poultry records, methods of advertising, scoring and grading eggs, scoring 

 poultry plants and poultry, systems of heating, and the making of the necessary 

 repairs. 



Poultry contest, J. Dryden (Oreg. Agr. Col. Bui., 1. ser., 1910, No. 45, pp. 16, 

 figs. 6). — This bulletin gives the result of the poultry contest of the Portland 

 Junior Poultry Association, which ended October 31, 1910, 



Outlines are given of the plan of the contest, the prizes offered, and the 

 results attained by the 21 boys and girls engaged in it. The winner of the $100 

 prize secured from 22 hens an average of 140 eggs per year, valued at $4.24. 

 The cost of feed per hen was $1.22, leaving a net annual profit of $3.02 per hen. 



Sewing lessons for rural schools (Hampton Leaflets, n. ser., 6 (1910), Nov., 

 pp. 31, figs. 37). — Illustrated directions are given for the various simple and 

 fancy stitches, as well as for making quite a number of articles of clothing and 

 a few pieces of fancy work. 



School gardens and kindergartens, H. Pudor (Garten flora, 59 (1910), No. 24, 

 pp. 532-586). — The author discusses the growing tendency in systems of educa- 

 tion to use animate rather than inanimate subject matter, thus making the 

 school garden an organic feature of education. The Austrian school law pro- 

 nounces the school garden a necessary adjunct of every public school and re- 

 quires communities to provide for every school a plat of ground for gardening. 

 The author also indicates (1) how a system of development in school-garden 

 work may be pursued as in other subjects of instruction, (2) how botany, 

 zoology, arithmetic, geometry, plane surveying, drawing, mineralogy, and geol- 

 ogy, as well as physics and chemistry are benefited by school-garden work, 

 (3) the advantages of the work as a source of recreation and the acquisition of 

 a sense of order, a love of the beautiful, independence, individuality, and 

 originality, and (4) its ethical and hygienic value. 



School gardens in St, Paul, D. Lange (Minn. Hort., 38 (1910), No. 4i PV- 

 121-124, pl. 1). — The development of school gardens in St. Paul is described 

 and some details concerning the work in 1909 are given. 



List of books recommended for grange libraries (Maine [Vniv.'] Bui., IS 

 (1910), No. 1, pp. 14). — This list, compiled by members of the faculty of the 

 college of agriculture of the University of Maine, includes 75 titles of popular 

 books relating to agriculture, domestic science, and rural life, arranged alpha- 

 betically and with descriptive notes in each case. 



