FORESTRY. 643 



estate tools and implements, and laying out a garden ; section 2 contains descrip- 

 tions of and cultural notes on tropical, subtropical, and temperate fruits and 

 vegetables suitable for planting at different elevations, spices of tbe Tropics, 

 condiments and seasoning herbs ; section 3 deals in a similar manner with the 

 materials for ornamental and protective planting in the Tropics, including trees, 

 shrubs, herbaceous perennials, annuals, biennials, tuberous plants, orchids, 

 ferns, water plants, sand-binding plants, etc. ; and section 4 takes up the stand- 

 ard and minor products of Ceylon, as well as a number of miscellaneous prod- 

 ucts such as drugs, oils, dyes, fibers, guttahs, tans, vegetable-wax, etc. Con- 

 sideration is also given to perfume-yielding plants, honey plants, ornamental or 

 curious seeds, pasture, grazing, and fodder plants, edible herbs and flowers, 

 garden and estate enemies and friends, insect pests and fungus diseases with 

 remedial measures, transport and packing of plants, seeds, flowers, etc., storing 

 of seeds, useful references, and calendars of work for different districts of 

 Ceylon. 



To facilitate reference considerable use has been made of tabular forms con- 

 taining the most essential particulars. A bibliography of works consulted is 

 given. 



Landscape gardening. — ^How to lay out a garden, E. Kemp (New York 

 and London, 1911, k- ed., pp. XXII+292, pis. 20, figs. 79).— The present edition 

 of this English work has been edited, revised, and adapted to North American 

 conditions by F. A. Waugh. It is stated that in revising the work the aim has 

 been to preserve the advice given by the author, except in case of methods 

 which have been outgrown as a result of the general improvement in the art 

 of landscape gardening. Where mere changes in fashion have occurred, the 

 author's views are retained, accompanied by notes on the present American 

 ideas. 



The successive chapters discuss the choice of a location, what to avoid, gen- 

 eral principles, the several styles, practical considerations, particular objects, 

 special features, various accessories, and practical directions. 



Antirrhinums: Their history, culture, and uses, F. W. Hakvey {London 

 [1911], 1. ed., pp. 20, figs. 19). — A popular treatise on the culture of snapdragons. 



FORESTRY. 



Sixth conference of the International Union of Forestry Experimental 

 Stations, W. Somerville {Quart. Jour. Forestry, .5 {1911), No. 1, pp. ^5-//8).— 

 A brief report of the conference held in Belgium in September, 1910. 



The use of artificial manures in silviculture was the subject of many papers, 

 discussions, and demonstrations. The reports as a whole indicated that fer- 

 tilizers may be used to advantage on the very poorest classes of soil as a means 

 of enabling young trees to get through the most critical period of their growth. 

 From a purely financial point of view, however, the use of artificial manure is 

 rarely justified. 



The discussion relative to the needle-cast disease of Scots and some other 

 pines, which is due to the attacks of a minute fungus, Lophodermium pinastri, 

 brought out the fact that the intensity of the attack depends much on the strain 

 of pine grown, and hence the desirability of procuring seeds from disease- 

 resisting strains (E. S. R., 23, p. 652). 



Leaf key to the trees of the Northern States and Canada, and a botanical 

 glossary, R. B. Hough {Loxovilic, N. Y., 1910, pp. J,9, pi. 1). — In this key, 

 which is intended to be supplemental to more comprehensive manuals and 

 treatises on trees, the aim has been to include normal leaf types of all of the 

 generally accepted native and naturalized trees north of the latitude of the 



