58 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Combating ants and locusts in South America, (\ Bolle {Troprnpflanzcr, 

 11 (Hxn). \<>. (k ])}). J!),i-.'iUl). — A luiniber of loaf-eating ants occur in South 

 America and may cause serious damage. These insects may be controlled to 

 some extent by the use of burrows combined with pits in which the ants are 

 captured. In the control of locusts good results are reported from the intro- 

 duction of colonies of predaceous ants which feed ui)on them. It is stated that 

 Ihese ants may easily be transported in whole colonies to cultivated tields or 

 t)tlici- localities where their hcl]! is needed in the control of locusts. 



European insect pests in North America, K. Hkymons {Naturw. Ztschr. 

 Foist II. lAinihr., (! (tOOH), jN'o. /, ijp, 6-22). — A historical statement is given 

 of the introduction and distribution of gipsy moth and brown-tail moth in the 

 United States with particular reference to the use of artificial remedies in con- 

 trolling the ])ests and to the importation of their parasites. 



[Insect pests], ,J. Craig, M. V. Slingebland, and C. R. Crosby (New York 

 Conicll Stit. Bill. 2-j2, pp. J-iJ-J'/P, flgs. 12). — Attention is called to the underly- 

 ing principles and economic aspects of spraying in general. Directions are given 

 for preparing insecticides and applying them in the control of the chief insect 

 enemies of apples, plums, cherries, quinces, peaches, pears, nursery stock, grapes, 

 small fruits, roses, potatoes, cucurbits, cabbages, onions, and greenhouse plants. 



Report of the entomolog'ist and plant pathologist, W. V. Tower {Porto 

 Rico Sta. Rpt. 1907, pp. 31-38, pi. 1 ) . — Notes are presented on the chief pests 

 infesting oranges, tobacco, vegetables, sugar cane, pineapples, and other crops, 

 the use of wind-breaks in checking purple scale, and the preparation of kero- 

 sene emulsion. 



The " (U'ange dog," a variegated caterpillar belonging to the genus Papilio, 

 was found feeding on the orange during July, and a second brood was observed 

 October 18, at which time the larvie were half grown. The orange leaf-weevil 

 occurred in great numbers in the latter part of May. Spraying with arsenate 

 of lead was effective for both of these pests. For orange scab, spraying with 

 Bordeaux mixture just as the fruit forms and again after from 10 to 14 days 

 is recommended. Nurseries of rough lemon should not be planted between 

 budded rows of trees, nor should nurseries be planted on the windward side of 

 the groves. Red scale and purple scale are causing much trouble but may be 

 combated by spraying with kerosene emulsion 1 : 6 and the use of wind-breaks. 



The principal tobacco pests were cutworms, changas, flea beetles, horn- 

 worms, and nematodes. A Paris green mash made up of a mixture of 20 lbs. 

 bran or corn meal with * lb. Paris green made into a thick paste w^ith 1 gal. 

 molasses and 1^ gal. water, and applied in the form of small cones partly below 

 ground and partly above, is recommended for changas and cutworms. Tele- 

 nomus moniliconiis was observed as a parasite in the eggs of the hornworm. 

 PlutcUa jiiaciilipciinis did considerable damage to cabbage, kale, mustard and 

 turnips. For mealy bugs on sugar cane and pineapples, dipping in kerosene 

 enuilsion is advocated. Tobacco dust placed in the crown of the pineapple has 

 also given excellent results. 



Brief notes are also given on May beetles, brown scale, rust mite, southern 

 cabbage worm, a white fly, plant lice, striped cucumber beetle, the melanconium 

 stage of Tricosphocra sacchari, sugar cane weevil, a borer of the genus Xyle- 

 borus, rice weevil, Icerya montserratensis, Pulvinaria psidii, rufous scale, wax 

 scale, mummy disease of guavas. and other pests. 



The so-called green bug and other grain aphids in Minnesota in 1907, 

 F. L. AYashburn {Minnesota Sta. Bui. lOS, pp. 257-280, pi. 1, figs. 15; Spec. Rpt. 

 State E'nt. Minn. 1908, Mar., pp. 21, pi. 1, figs. 15). — On account of the alarm 

 which jirevailed among the grain growers of Minnesota regarding the possible 

 invasion of the State by the green bug, an iuvestigatiou was made of this insect 



