ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 59 



and of other related apliids. The green bug occurred sparingly in various parts 

 of Minnesota during 1907 but did not affect the wheat crop appreciably. The 

 author believes that the long cold winters and hot summers of Minnesota are 

 unfavorable for the multiplication of this pest. The most common grain aphid 

 in Minnesota is Mucrosiphinii rnaiiaria. This i)est is attacked by parasites aud 

 is usually held in control by climatic conditions. An account is given of the 

 injury caused by the green bug in the southwestern States and descriptions are 

 presented of the developmental forms of this pest as studied in the insectary. 



Peculiar injury to barley by Clorops tseniopus, B. Wahl {Ztschr. Landw. 

 Yersuchnw. Ostcn:, 10 (1907), No. 10, pi). 730-756).— The author had occasion 

 to observe an unusually severe attack of Clorops taminpus upon barley. In the 

 infested i)lants the inflorescence aiijieared to be normal in its early stages but 

 soon showed a jironounced deformation due to the attacks of the insect. 



Kafir corn aphis (Agi: Jour. Cape Good Hope, 32 (1908), No. 1, pp. 27-31).— 

 Aphis sorghi has attracted attention on account of its ravages upon Katir in 

 South Africa since irHt4. The pest is apparently spreading and its eradication 

 is a dithcult problem. A description is given of the insect together with a brief 

 account of its natural enemies which thus far seem to include merely lady 

 beetles. Apparently some advantage is to be derived from early sowing of 

 Kafir. According to certain growers, Bushman Kafir is rather more resistant 

 to aphis attacks than other varieties. 



The asparagus beetles, F. H. Chittenden {U. 8. Dept. Apr., Bur. Eiit. Circ. 

 102, pp. 12, fif/s. U). — The life history of these insects has been previously studied 

 by the author (E. S. R., 0, p. 509; 10, p. .570; 19, p. 1,58). In this circular atten- 

 tion is given to the habits, life history, and means of combating Crioceris 

 asparagi and C. 12-punctata. The present status and distribution of these 

 insects is outlined and recommendations are made regarding the most effective 

 remedies for controlling the pests. 



Screening for the protection of cabbage seed beds, W. .1. Schoene {New 

 York State Sta. Bui. 301, pp. 165-17 Jf, pi. 1). — In raising seedling cabbage, great 

 losses have been experienced from attacks of flea beetles {PlujUotreta vittata 

 and Systena hudsonias) and root maggots (Pegomya brassiew and P. fusciceps) . 

 The ordinary methods adopted for the control of these pests have not given 

 satisfactory results. Experiments were therefore undertaken to test the value 

 of cheese cloth screenings for the protection of cabbage seed beds from these 

 pests. A bed was sown to cabbage seed on May 15 and covered with cheese 

 cloth on May 20 just as the plants were coming out. On June 20 the screen 

 was removed to harden the plants before transplanting. The hardening process 

 was allowed to continue for 1.3 days. The total expense for cheese cloth, lum- 

 ber, laths, wire, and tacks for screening a seed bed 12 by 150 ft. was .$20.21 or 

 about 40 cts. per 1,(K)0 cabbage plants. 



The results indicate that cabbage jilants may be completely protected from 

 root maggots by screening with cheese cloth and that the flea beetles are also 

 prevented from attacking the young plants. The losses in check beds which 

 were not screened were very large. 



Protecting cabbage plant beds from maggots, F. H. Hall (New York State 

 Sta. But. 301, jtoputar ed., pp. .), fig. 1). — A popular edition of the above. 



Report on the study of insects injurious to cranberries during the summer 

 of 1907, C. B. Hardenburg and O. G. Malde (Wiseousin Sta. Rpt. 1907, pp. 

 309-320, figs: 2). — The three most injurious insect pests of the cranberry are 

 the blackheaded vine worm, yellowheaded vine worm, and fruit worm. Bio- 

 logical notes are also given on tip worm, girdler, a species of snout beetle, and 

 other less important cranberry insects. 



