DAIRY FARMIN(i DAIRYING. 77 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



The university dairy herd. 1906-7, (i. C. Humphrey and F, W. Woll {Wis- 

 consin Sta. Ri>t. I'.tOl, lip. -'/7-7.>, fiL 1, fif/s. 13). — The records of the herd are 

 reported and discussed as in previous years (E. S. K., 18, p. lOK!). 



The herd inchided 9 Jerseys, S Gueruseys, 10 Holsteins, 4 Ayrshires, and 3 

 Brown Swiss. Descriptions are given of 14 of these cows added to the herd 

 duruig the year. Data showing the food consumption and yield per cow are 

 given for 2.3 cows, for which a full year's record was olitained. The average 

 yield of milk per cow was 7,4i:>.0 Ihs., containing oO.S.37 lbs. of butter fat. The 

 average net profit per cow was .$44.20, or .$3 more than during the preceding 

 year. 



A summary of the data comparing the returns from the different breeds 

 shows that the cows ranged in production of milk as follows: Holstein, Brown 

 Swiss, Guernsey, and Jersey ; in production of butter fat, Guernsey, Holstein, 

 Jersey, and Brown Swiss; in cost of feed, Jersey (lowest), Guernsey, Brown 

 Swiss, and Holstein (lilghest) ; and in average net profit Guernsey, Holsteivi, 

 Jersey, and Brown Swiss. The analyses of the various feeding stuffs used are 

 recorded. 



Tests of dairy cows, 1906—7, F. W. Woll and II. T. Hauris {^Yisc■onsin Sta. 

 Rpt. 1907, pp. 76-S2). — The so-called official and semiofficial tests of dairy cows 

 were continued during lDOG-7 as in previous yeai's (E. S. R., 16, p. 813), 213 of 

 the former and 756 of the latter with 345 different cows being conducted. A 

 brief report of the work done in this connection is given. 



The records of production made by Colantha 4th's Johanna (H.-F. H. B., 

 48577), 1906-7, F. W. Woll (Wisconsin Sta. Rpt. 1907, pp. SS-8H, pi. /).— The 

 official 7-day, 30-day, and 63-day tests of this cow during the year 1006-7 are 

 given. During the 10 montlis of the semiofficial record this cow produced 

 23,981.4 lbs. of milk, with an average fat content of 3.65 per cent, yielding 875.71 

 lbs. of butter fat. 



The Jerseys at the St. Louis Exposition (Ncip YorJc, J 900, pp. 121, figs. 

 27). — An account is given of each cow in the Jersey herd included in the dairy- 

 cow demonstration at the St. Louis Exposition. The productive record and 

 breeding of each cow is reported by R. M. Gow, and the feeding and handling 

 of the cows during the test are described by H. G. Van Pelt. The returns 

 by these and three other herds of different breeds in the same test are sum- 

 marized and comjtared. 



Bacterial content of machine-drawn and hand-drawn milk, E. G. Hastings 

 and C. Hoffmann (M'isconsin 8ta. Rpt. 1907, pp. 21.'i-223). — The data reported 

 indicate that if the proper attention is paid to the cleanliness of the milking 

 machine, milk may be produced by machine milking with as low a germ content 

 as, or even lower than, that drawn by hand. To maintain the milking tubes 

 and other parts of the machine in a bacteriologically clean condition the investi- 

 gators used lime water prepared from fresh luislaked lime. 



Distribution of cell elements in milk and their relation to sanitary stand- 

 ards, H. L. Russell and C.Hoffmann (Wisconsin Sta. Rpt. 1907, pp. 231-253.) — 

 The purpose of the investigations here reported was to obtain information 

 that would be of use in establishing a rational standard for the leucocyte con- 

 tent of normal milk. 



Attention was directed first to the study of the methods of examination. Com- 

 parative tests were made of the Doane-Buckley and the Stokes-Stewart methods 

 of quantitative determinations of leucocytes in milk. The results obtained by 

 the former method were considerably higher than those by the latter, and there 



