VETERINARY MEDICTNE. 83 



powei" ill mice ami guinea i)ijis infected witli TnjiKUioxomd hnicri. Human 

 f^erum di.!;este(l tejietlier witli the trypanosomes at a temperature of 37° C. did 

 not lose its preventive or curative properties nor did the parasites lose tlieir 

 virulence. The active power of human serum toward the trypanosomes of 

 nasana was destroyed by subjection to a temperature of 64° C. 



The treatment of experimental nagana, F. Loeffler and K. RiJHs {Deut. 

 Med. Wchiischr.. ,{'i {{!)f)S), Ao. /, />/). 5-S). — In a previous article on this sub- 

 ject (E. S. It., 1!>, p. 0S3), the authors rei)orted striking success in the ti-eat- 

 ment of uagana by the use of arsenious acid. The present article is largely 

 of a controversial nature by way of reply to criticisms of Laveran and Thiroux 

 (E. S. R., 10, pp. 1081, 1182). The authors re[)eated their experiments and 

 again came to the conclusion that experimental nagana might be certainly 

 cured I>y tlie simultaneous use of arsenious acid and atoxyl. 



The diagnosis of rabies, S. A. Gryuneb {Arch. Vet. Nauk [St. Petersb.], 

 31 (ID07), Ao. 11, 1)1). 96'i-9{)5). — A long series of observations was carried out 

 by the author in determining the reliability of various methods in the diagnosis 

 of rabies. In some cases it is found possible to reach a positive diagnosis 

 merely from a post-mortem examination. The presence of sugar in the urine 

 in connection with other evidence may furnish a basis for a positive diagnosis, 

 but the absence of sugar from the urine is not satisfactory proof of the nonex- 

 istence of rabies. Negri corpuscles could be recognized with certainty in a 

 certain percentage of cases. The author considers, however, that the only 

 absolutely reliable method is to be found in the inoculation of rabbits or other 

 laboratory animals. 



The etiology and diagnosis of rabies, N. Oreste (Clhi. Vet. [Milan'], /S'e^. 

 Fiat., 30 {I'JOl), Nos. 50, pp. 805-812; 51, pp. 8i/-8i6).— It is recognized as a 

 great desideratum in the study of rabies to devise a method of i-apid diagnosis. 

 The rapidity, however, is no more important than certainty in diagnosis, and in 

 Ihe author's opinion preference should be given to the method of inoculation of 

 guinea pigs. 



The effect of various chemicals upon rabies virus, C. Fermi {Arch. Hi)(j., 

 63 {11)01), A'o. 3, pp. 315-330). — Fixed rabies virus preserved at the Pasteur 

 Institute at Sassari maintained its virulence for 20 days as determined by in- 

 oculation of rodents. None of the pieces of rabid brain material preserved in 

 glycerin retained their virulence to the twenty-fifth day. The incubation period 

 of rabies produced from virus preserved in glycerin was 5 or 6 days and was, 

 therefore, not different from ordinary virus. 



The theory and practice of anti-rabic immunization, W. F. Habvev and 

 A. McKendrick {Sci. Mem. Med. and Sanit. Depts. India, n. ser., 1901, JSfo. 30, 

 pp. Jf3, figs. 1). — Extended observations w^ere made on the infective power of 

 rabies virus from dried spinal cords as compared with that of fresh virus. Tests 

 were also made to determine the bearing of the rate of desiccaiton of the spinal 

 cord upon the use of such material for immunizing purposes. It was found that 

 there is a direct relation between infectivity and the duration of desiccation of 

 nerve material. No evidence was obtained for the existence of a rabies toxin. 

 'I'here appears to be some advantage in favor of using fresh material in ininnmi- 

 zation for the reason that this method involves the inti"oduction of less foreign 

 nerve substance. 



The action of bile on tetanus toxin, H. Vincent {Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. 

 [I'aiis], 63 {1901), No. 36, pp. 623-625).— lu glass vessels bile exercised a 

 strongly antiseptic effect upon tetanus virus. In guinea ings, however, the re- 

 sult was far less satisfactory and bile was not capable of protecting the animal 

 against fatal results from the tetanus toxin. It is believed that this fact is to 



