164 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Paris green and lime the injury was 17.5 per cent when sprayed in full bloom 

 and 10.17 per cent when sprayed after the petals had fallen. 



The results obtained in spraying with Bordeaux mixture for the control of 

 codling moth, bitter rot and apple scab were somewhat disappointing. No con- 

 clusive evidence was obtained of serious injury to apples from the use of 

 Bordeaux mixture. It is suggested that the apparent injury to Ben Davis 

 apples may be due to spring frosts. 



Insecticides and fungicides for use in the apple orchard, II. Garman (Ken- 

 luck ij St (I. Bid. LJ.i, lip. GU-71). — Formulas are given for the preparation of 

 arsenate of lead, Paris green, kerosene emulsion, miscible oils, Bordeaux mixture, 

 Bordeaux dust, and lime-sulphur-salt wash. 



Principles underlying the preparation of insecticides, Mansiee (Bui. 8oc. 

 Agr. France, //O (1908), Jan. 15, pp. 86-93). — The success to be obtained in 

 spraj'ing various insecticides upon plants depends in part upon the physical 

 properties of the insecticide solution. The author presents in a tabular form data 

 regarding the number of drops in 5 cc. of various liquids. Data are also given 

 on the solubility of various substances as insecticides. Gratifying results were 

 obtained from the use of two soap mixtures containing 30 gm. of soap and 50 

 gm. of oil of tar or 10 gm. of formaldehyde per 10 liters of water. 



The cranberry insects of Wisconsin, C. B. Hardenberg ( Wii^consin Sta. Bui. 

 159, pp. 3-23, lils. 2). — Life histories are presented of blackhead cranberry 

 worm, yellowhead cranberry worm, cranberry tip worm, false yellowhead vine 

 worm, oblique banded roller, Ar chips georgianaf, yellow cranberry looper, 

 Physofitegania pustiilaria, Diastictis sulfuraria, D. in^eptata, cranberry fruit 

 worm, and cranberry weevil. 



Treatment of grape roots for phylloxera, H. Faes (Chron. Agr. Vaud, 20 

 (1907), Nos. 20, pp. J,67-.'i70; 21, jrp. .'tS3-Jf85; 22, pp. -',99-510'; 23, pp. 533- 

 5JfO). — ^An elaborate review is given of the methods employed in various coun- 

 tries in combating phylloxera. A large variety of remedies was tried by the 

 author in controlling this pest, including lysol, lysoform, and various mixtures 

 of soap and sulphocarbonate of potash. The best results were obtained by a 

 mixture containing 1 per cent soap and 3 per cent of sulphocarbonate of potash, 

 the roots being immersed in the mixture for 12 hours. A 2 per cent solution 

 of lysol is also found to be very effective. 



A revision of the Ixodoidea, or ticks, of the United States, X. Banks ( XJ. 8. 

 Dept. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bill. 15, tech. ser., pp. 61, pis. 10). — The great economic 

 importance of ticks sis pests of live stock and as carriers of infectious diseases 

 has created a demand for a systematic account of ticks by means of which a 

 species may be easily identified. This task has been accomplished by the 

 author. A description is given of each species known to occur in the United 

 States and references are made to the economic importance, distribution, and 

 hosts of each species. Analytical tables are given for the identification of 

 genera and species and a bibliography of the subject is appended to the bulletin. 



The influence of frost on tick life, F. A. A'erney (Natal Agr. Jour, and Mln. 

 Ree.. 10 (1907), Xo. 12,. pp. 1550-1552). — Advantage was taken of residence in 

 a locality subject to changes of temperature for studying the influence of tem- 

 perature uiK)n the life and fertility of ticks. It appears that as a rule ticks 

 are killed by a succession of heavy fi'osts but not by single frosts of even great 

 severity. Frosts of less than 10° appear to have little effect upon the life of 

 ticks. The high bench lands of Natal appear to be naturally free from East 

 coast fever and the disease gradually dies out after it has been introduced. 

 The reason for this natural immunity to the disease is apparently to be sought 

 in the destruction of the ticks by frost. 



