192 lEXPEKIMEKT STATION RECORD. 



Mutual credit and agricultural improvement, F. Viugili (liol. Quiitd. Soc. 

 Agr. Ital, 13 {1908), Ao. 9-10, pp. 333-3JfS).— The author gives a brief review 

 of the origin and development of mutual agricultural credit in Italy and dis- 

 cusses its effects upou mortgage iudei)tedness, statistics of whicli by provinces, 

 square miles of territory, and per capita are presented. The efforts of the 

 govei'ument l)y legal enactments to imju'ove agricultural conditions by assisting 

 the small farmer to secure credit and to give mutual credit a more economic 

 efficacy and judicial flexibility are also discussed. 



Agricultural credit, de Eza (Cronica del Curso Breve dc Cuestlones Soeiales 

 Cehhrudu en Madrid, 1906. Madrid, 1907, pp. i62-2i 7). —This is a course of 

 three lectures delivered in Madrid in 1!)06. The article discusses the character 

 and nature of agricultural credit, describes the development of the Schulze- 

 Delitzsch, Raiffeisen, and other mutual credit banks, and gives a brief account 

 of the legal status and present development of agricultural credit in Spain, 



Agricultural labor, Hitchins {Jour. Dept. Agr. WeM. Aust., 16 {1908). No. 

 3, pp. 219-221). — Tlie scarcity of farm labor in Western Australia and the 

 efforts of the government labor bureau to supply the demand are discussed. 

 " The demand at present for experienced farm hands is greater than the supply 

 at wages ranging from 2us. to 30s. per weeli and lieep." The increasing settle- 

 ment of the country is creating a steady and assured demand for country 

 workers, and work on farms is believed to offer a partial solution of the 

 problem of the unemployed in I'erth and other cities of the province. 



Crop Reporter ( f /. ti. Dept. Agr., Bur. Statis. Crop Reporter, 10 {1908), No. 8, 

 pp. 57-6-'i). — The usual statistics and notes on the condition, values, and prices 

 of principal crops in the Tnited States and Europe are reported, including a 

 tabulated statement of the exports from the United States of farm and forest 

 products during the years ended June 30, 1907 and 1908. 



[Agricultural statistics of the Netherlands] {Jaarc. Konink. Nederhmden, 

 Rijk Europa 1906, pp. lJi8-162). — Statistical data for 1908 compared with pre- 

 ceding years of acreage and yields of crops, extent of laud cultivated by pro- 

 ]U'ietors and tenants, number and size of farms, live stock, agricultural 

 machinery, etc., are reported. 



AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 



The next step in agricultural education, E. Davenport ( Urhana, III., 1907, 

 pp. 22). — This is primarily an argument against special agricultural high schools 

 and in favor of teaching agriculture in existing high schools. The writer 

 argues that separate schools can never be so good, that they will tend strongly 

 to peasantize farmers, prevent the natural flow of individuals from one profes- 

 sion into another, reiiuire students to board and room away from home, and 

 injure the development of existing high schools, and that it is unnecessary to 

 found separate schools in order that agriculture shall be well taught. He 

 believes that agriculture should be given a large and important place in existing 

 high schools, and that as rapidly as sentiment in favor of such teaching 

 crystallizes, the schools will prepare to meet the demand. 



The township high schools of Ohio, A. B. Graham {Agr. Col. Ext. Bui. 

 [Ohio mate Uirir.]. 3 (1908), Xo. 6, pp. 20, figs. 2-',, dgms. 2, map 1).— The author 

 gives a historical sketch of the development of township higli schools in the 

 State, with data concerning tuition, classes of high schools, courses of study, 

 equipment, cost of buildings and supplies, and bequests to some of the high 

 schools. 



Instruction in practical agriculture upon the university farm at Davis 

 (California) {California Sta. Circ. 37, pp. 12). — This is an announcement of 



