AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION. 193 



farmers' short courses for 190S as follows: Dairy manufacture, 8 weeks; irriga- 

 tion, soils, forage crops, and cereals, 3 weeks ; poultry husbandry, S days ; 

 animal industry and veterinary science, 4 weeks, and horticulture and viti- 

 culture, 3 weeks. 



Southern agriculture, F. S. Earle (New York, 1908, pp. VII +297, pis. 10, 

 figs. 3G). — Under part 1 this book considers climate, soil, cultivation, plant 

 growth, insects and diseases of plants, marketing, and farm management, and 

 under part 2 it gives cultural directions for the chief southern agricultural 

 crops, including discussions on forestry and domestic animals. The book does 

 not confine itself to the agriculture of the Southern States but also treats of 

 tropical and subtropical crops, including fiber plants, coffee, cacao, rubber, nuts, 

 and fruits. 



Agriculture for Southern schools, J. F. Duggar (New York, 1908, pp. 355, 

 figs. 188). — This is an elementary text-book of agriculture which deals with 

 general principles underlying the subject, but uses largely the materials of 

 Southern agriculture for purposes of illustration and study. 



Beginning with the plant in flower, the process of pollination, propagation from 

 seeds, and the relations of moisture and plant food to plant growth, the text 

 recurs to the propagation of plants by means of buds, following this with lessons 

 on the improvement of i>lants, the formation of soil, the relation of the crop to 

 the soil, moisture in the soil, and soil management, including such topics as 

 cultivation, terracing, draining, deterioration and improvement, the use of barn- 

 yard manure and commercial fertilizers, and the rotation of crops. The re- 

 maining chapters deal in logical order with field and garden crops, the flower 

 garden, forest trees, orchard fruits, plant diseases, insect friends and enemies 

 (with an entire chapter on the cotton-boll weevil, one on insects and health, and 

 one on the honeybee), animal husbandry (horses, cattle, sheep, swine, and 

 poultry), the feeding of animals, tlie production of milk and butter, farm 

 implements and machinery, roads, and the principal soils and crops of Alabama. 

 Formulas and tabular matter are arranged in an appendix. 



Elements of agriculture, W. C. Welborn [yew York, 1908, pp. XVI+329, pi. 

 1, figs. 109). — This is a text-book of elementary agriculture prepared especially 

 for use in the public schools of the South and West. It deals first with the 

 plant and its environment, then with the botany of field crops, propagation, seed 

 selection, and methods of growing crops and maintaining fertility. Special 

 crops are then taken up, like cotton, corn, rice, sweet potatoes, legumes, orchard 

 crops, and truck crops, followed by the feeding of animals, the making of a 

 ration, animal diseases, animal husbandry, raising horses and mules, cattle, 

 sheep, goats, poultry, and bees, and dairying. 



An appendix contains a botanical classification of important economic fam- 

 ilies of plants, a chapter on the treatment of plant diseases with formulas for 

 different spray solutions, a list of harmful insects and remedies, score cards for 

 judging live stock, stock diseases and remedies, and a glossary. 



Agriculture in the elementary schools, M. J. Abbey (State Normal School, 

 MayviUv, N. Dak., Quart. Buh, 5 (1908), No. J,, pp. J,8).— This is an outline 

 course in agriculture for the public schools, beginning with the first grade and 

 extending through the high school. It may be put into the hands of pupils 

 liut is more properly a teacher's guide. It is divided into 3 sections, the first 

 dealing with suggestions to the teacher, the second with outlines for the first 

 6 grades, and the third with outlines for the grammar grades and the high 

 school. In the first 4 grades the work is arranged by years and classified 

 under such headings as plants, animals, weather, machinery, soil and farm 

 problems. In the fifth and sixth grades the more definite study of plants is 

 taken up, together with conditions necessary for plant growth, and this is 



